Kleinheinz Gregory T, McDermott Colleen M, Hughes Sarah, Brown Amanda
Department of Biology and Microbiology, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, 800 Algoma Boulevard, Oshkosh, WI 54901, USA.
Int J Microbiol. 2009;2009:876050. doi: 10.1155/2009/876050. Epub 2010 Feb 21.
Rainfall and its associated storm water runoff have been associated with transport of many pollutants into beach water. Fecal material, from a variety of animals (humans, pets, livestock, and wildlife), can wash into beach water following rainfall and result in microbial contamination of the beach. Many locales around the world issue pre-emptive beach closures associated with rainfall. This study looked at eight beaches located in Door County, Wisconsin, on Lake Michigan to determine the impact of rainfall on E. coli concentrations in beach water. Water samples were collected from beach water and storm water discharge pipes during rainfall events of 5 mm in the previous 24 hours. Six of the eight beaches showed a significant association between rainfall and elevated beach water E. coli concentrations. The duration of the impact of rainfall on beach water E. coli concentrations was variable (immediate to 12 hours). Amount of rainfall in the days previous to the sampling did not have significant impact on the E. coli concentrations measured in beach water. Presence of storm water conveyance pipes adjacent to the beach did not have a uniform impact on beach water E. coli concentrations. This study suggests that each beach needs to be examined on its own with regard to rain impacts on E coli concentrations in beach water.
降雨及其相关的雨水径流与许多污染物进入海滩水域的运输有关。来自各种动物（人类、宠物、牲畜和野生动物）的粪便物质，在降雨后可能会冲入海滩水域，导致海滩受到微生物污染。世界上许多地方都会在降雨时发布预防性的海滩关闭通知。本研究考察了位于威斯康星州多尔县密歇根湖沿岸的八个海滩，以确定降雨对海滩水域大肠杆菌浓度的影响。在过去24小时内降雨量达5毫米的降雨事件期间，从海滩水域和雨水排放管道采集了水样。八个海滩中有六个显示降雨与海滩水域大肠杆菌浓度升高之间存在显著关联。降雨对海滩水域大肠杆菌浓度的影响持续时间各不相同（从立即影响到12小时）。采样前几天的降雨量对海滩水域测得的大肠杆菌浓度没有显著影响。海滩附近雨水输送管道的存在对海滩水域大肠杆菌浓度的影响并不一致。这项研究表明，就降雨对海滩水域大肠杆菌浓度的影响而言，每个海滩都需要单独进行考察。
