Psychology Department, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2009 Jul;38(4):486-500. doi: 10.1080/15374410902976353.
Four putative mediators underlying gender differences in youths' recovery from bereavement-related internalizing problems were examined in a sample (N = 109; age range = 8-16 years at the initial assessment) of parentally bereaved youth: intrusive thoughts about grief, postdeath stressors, negative appraisals of postdeath stressors, and fear of abandonment. A three-wave parallel process longitudinal growth model design was employed. Changes in internalizing problems and mediators were measured as a function of months since the death. Girls showed stability in depression symptoms and a slight rise in anxiety symptoms; boys' trajectories of symptoms of anxiety and depression declined. Girls' higher initial levels of postdeath stressors, threat appraisals and fear of abandonment mediated their higher level of internalizing problems 14 months later. Girls' higher initial fear of abandonment also mediated additional growth in anxiety relative to boys.
研究人员在一个样本中（N=109；初始评估时的年龄范围为 8-16 岁），研究了四个可能导致青少年丧亲后内化问题性别差异的中介因素：对悲伤的侵入性思维、死亡后应激源、对死亡后应激源的负面评价以及被抛弃的恐惧。采用了三波平行过程纵向增长模型设计。根据死亡后月份的变化来衡量内化问题和中介因素的变化。女孩的抑郁症状保持稳定，焦虑症状略有上升；男孩的焦虑和抑郁症状轨迹下降。女孩在死亡后应激源、威胁评估和被抛弃的恐惧方面的初始水平较高，这导致她们在 14 个月后出现更高水平的内化问题。女孩最初的被抛弃的恐惧也会导致她们的焦虑相对于男孩有更多的增长。
