Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2009 Jul;38(4):525-37. doi: 10.1080/15374410902976312.
We investigated whether differences in positive and negative emotional reactivity could be found in depressed preschoolers and preschoolers at risk for later internalizing symptoms relative to nondepressed/low risk comparison groups. Observational measures of emotional reactivity, used to derive a score of the balance between anger and sadness, were obtained and analyzed in independent samples. One study utilized cross-sectional data from preschoolers (M age = 4.6 years) with a current depressive syndrome and two nondepressed comparison groups. The other study utilized longitudinal data that assessed emotional reactivity at preschool age (M age = 4.5 years) and later mental health symptoms during the transition to primary school, allowing a retrospective determination of risk. Depressed and at-risk boys displayed more anger than sadness in contrast to girls in the same groups and in contrast to no disorder/low-risk controls. This finding was detected in depressed and "at risk for internalizing" boys who were not comorbid for externalizing problems.
我们研究了在抑郁学龄前儿童和有患后期内化症状风险的学龄前儿童与非抑郁/低风险对照组之间，是否存在积极和消极情绪反应的差异。使用情绪反应的观察测量方法，得出愤怒和悲伤之间平衡的得分，并在独立样本中进行分析。一项研究利用了当前患有抑郁综合征的学龄前儿童（平均年龄=4.6 岁）的横断面数据，以及两个无抑郁对照组。另一项研究利用了纵向数据，评估了学龄前儿童（平均年龄=4.5 岁）的情绪反应，以及进入小学后的后期心理健康症状，允许对风险进行回顾性确定。与同组中的女孩以及无障碍/低风险对照组相比，抑郁和有风险的男孩表现出更多的愤怒而不是悲伤。这一发现是在没有外化问题共病的抑郁和“有内化风险”的男孩中检测到的。
