Luciana Monica, Collins Paul F, Olson Elizabeth A, Schissel Ann M
Department of Psychology and Center for Neurobehavioral Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
Dev Neuropsychol. 2009;34(4):461-75. doi: 10.1080/87565640902964540.
Studies have investigated planning skill development using the Tower of London (TOL). Reports conflict regarding maturational trajectories and associations with IQ, other executive functions, and impulsivity. A convenience sample of 9- to 20-year-olds completed the TOL and other measures. TOL accuracy improved until ages 15-17. Digit span backwards (DSB), response inhibition, and IQ were correlated with TOL performance. DSB contributed to TOL accuracy above and beyond age and IQ. Inhibitory control and DSB both contributed to the modulation of planning times across problems. Self-reported inattention and hyperactivity were associated with low performance. Task approaches reflecting planning and psychometric issues are discussed.
已有研究使用伦敦塔任务（TOL）对计划技能发展进行了调查。关于成熟轨迹以及与智商、其他执行功能和冲动性的关联，各项报告存在冲突。选取了9至20岁的便利样本，让他们完成伦敦塔任务及其他测试。伦敦塔任务的准确性在15至17岁之前不断提高。倒背数字广度（DSB）、反应抑制和智商与伦敦塔任务表现相关。除了年龄和智商之外，倒背数字广度对伦敦塔任务的准确性也有贡献。抑制控制和倒背数字广度都对不同问题的计划时间调节有影响。自我报告的注意力不集中和多动与低表现相关。本文讨论了反映计划和心理测量问题的任务方法。
