Liu Amy, Berhane Zekarias, Tseng Marilyn
University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Mar;110(3):457-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.11.016.
Acculturation is associated with increased chronic disease risk among Asian Americans, but its association with different aspects of diet quality remains unclear. Associations of acculturation with diet quality were examined in a convenience sample of 243 Chinese participants in a study of diet and mammographic density in the Philadelphia region between January 2002 to May 2003. An acculturation index was created based on self-reported English proficiency and within- and cross-ethnicity social interactions. Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) scores were based on responses to an 88-item food frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) for falling into a higher vs lower quartile for DQI-I and its components (ie, variety, adequacy, moderation, balance) were estimated with logistic regression analysis for polytomous outcomes. In the sample, mean age was 53.2 (standard deviation=10.5) years, body mass index (calculated as kg/m2) was 24.1 (standard deviation=3.5), and acculturation was significantly associated with improved dietary variety (OR: 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5 to 3.8) and adequacy (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.0 to 2.6) and lower dietary moderation (OR: 0.6; 95% CI 0.4 to 0.9), but these associations were evident only among women with less than a high school education. Acculturation and education were not associated with overall diet quality or balance. Although an association of less dietary moderation with acculturation suggests the likely importance of acculturation-related dietary change to chronic disease risk, these findings highlight the need for flexible dietary interventions among immigrant populations to discourage the adoption of some new dietary habits, while encouraging the retention of other, traditional ones.
文化适应与亚裔美国人患慢性病风险增加有关，但其与饮食质量不同方面的关联仍不明确。在2002年1月至2003年5月于费城地区开展的一项饮食与乳房X线密度研究中，对243名中国参与者的便利样本进行了文化适应与饮食质量关联的研究。基于自我报告的英语水平以及族内和跨族裔社交互动创建了一个文化适应指数。饮食质量指数-国际版（DQI-I）得分基于对一份88项食物频率问卷的回答。通过对多分类结局的逻辑回归分析，估计了DQI-I及其组成部分（即多样性、充足性、适度性、平衡性）处于较高四分位数与较低四分位数的比值比（OR）。在该样本中，平均年龄为53.2岁（标准差=10.5），体重指数（以kg/m²计算）为24.1（标准差=3.5），文化适应与饮食多样性改善（OR：2.4；95%置信区间[CI]：1.5至3.8）、充足性（OR：1.6；95%CI：1.0至2.6）以及较低的饮食适度性（OR：0.6；95%CI：0.4至0.9）显著相关，但这些关联仅在高中以下学历女性中明显。文化适应和教育与总体饮食质量或平衡性无关。尽管饮食适度性降低与文化适应之间的关联表明与文化适应相关的饮食变化对慢性病风险可能具有重要意义，但这些发现凸显了在移民人群中开展灵活饮食干预的必要性——既要劝阻人们养成一些新的饮食习惯，又要鼓励保留其他传统饮食习惯。
