University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2010 Apr;25(2):119-25. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2008.09.003. Epub 2009 Apr 7.
The purpose of this study of school-age children was to estimate prevalence and interrelationships of overweight, central adiposity, and hypertension. It included 1,070 children in kindergarten through sixth grade (67% Hispanic, 26% African American, mean age = 8.9 years). Measures included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic and/or diastolic hypertension identified by measurements on three separate occasions. Percentage overweight (BMI >or=95th percentile) was 28.7%, 17.9% were at risk of overweight, 28.8% had WC >or=90th percentile, and 9.4% had elevated (>or=90th percentile) systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (BP). If we had screened only for BMI and examined those with BMI >or=85th percentile or underweight for hypertension, we would have missed 26% of the children with persistently elevated BP. WC explained variance in elevated BP not explained by BMI (p < .001). Measurement of WC is easily incorporated in a school-based screening protocol.
本研究旨在评估学龄儿童超重、中心性肥胖和高血压的流行情况及其相互关系。研究纳入了幼儿园至六年级的 1070 名儿童（67%为西班牙裔，26%为非裔美国人，平均年龄为 8.9 岁）。研究采用了体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、三次独立测量的收缩压和/或舒张压来评估超重、中心性肥胖和高血压。结果显示，28.7%的儿童超重，17.9%处于超重风险中，28.8%的儿童 WC 大于等于第 90 百分位，9.4%的儿童收缩压和/或舒张压升高（大于等于第 90 百分位）。如果我们仅通过 BMI 进行筛查，且只检查 BMI 大于等于第 85 百分位或体重不足的儿童是否患有高血压，那么我们将错过 26%持续血压升高的儿童。WC 可以解释 BMI 无法解释的高血压差异（p <.001）。因此，WC 的测量可以很容易地纳入基于学校的筛查方案中。
