The Sleep Disorder Center, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy (Dr Merlino, Dr Valente, Dr Serafini, Dr Fratticci, Dr Del Guidice, Dr Piani, Dr Gigli)
The DPMSC, University of Udine, Italy (Dr Merlino, Dr Valente, Dr Gigli)
Diabetes Educ. 2010 Jan-Feb;36(1):79-87. doi: 10.1177/0145721709351252.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of restless legs syndrome (RLS) on quality of life (QoL), anxiety, and depression in people with type 2 diabetes.
One hundred twenty-four patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this study. RLS was diagnosed by a neurologist masked on psychological evaluation. Data on severity, frequency, and duration of the sleep disorder were collected. The Italian version of the SF-36 was used to assess QoL. Psychological status was investigated by a neuropsychologist masked on RLS diagnosis. Patients with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) were considered affected by anxiety and depression, respectively. A modified version of the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Rating Scales (HARS and HDRS) was also administered.
RLS was an independent predictor for several mental domains of the SF-36 and for the mental component summary. Multivariate analysis showed that RLS was an independent predictor of anxiety and depression. RLS severity correlated with HARS and HDRS scores, whereas frequency per week of RLS had a significant correlation only with HARS score.
Among individuals with diabetes, RLS can impair mental health, increasing the risk for anxiety and depression. Since RLS consequences on nocturnal rest and psychological status may impair glycemic control in this population, diabetologists and diabetes educators should investigate for the presence of RLS in their patients and treat them.
本研究旨在评估不安腿综合征（RLS）对 2 型糖尿病患者生活质量（QoL）、焦虑和抑郁的影响。
本研究纳入了 124 例 2 型糖尿病患者。RLS 由一位对心理评估不知情的神经科医生进行诊断。收集了睡眠障碍严重程度、频率和持续时间的数据。采用意大利版 SF-36 评估 QoL。由一位对 RLS 诊断不知情的神经心理学家评估心理状态。诊断为广泛性焦虑症（GAD）和重度抑郁症（MDD）的患者分别被认为患有焦虑和抑郁。还使用了汉密尔顿焦虑和抑郁量表（HARS 和 HDRS）的修订版。
RLS 是 SF-36 多个心理领域和心理成分综合评分的独立预测因素。多变量分析显示，RLS 是焦虑和抑郁的独立预测因素。RLS 的严重程度与 HARS 和 HDRS 评分相关，而每周 RLS 的频率仅与 HARS 评分显著相关。
在糖尿病患者中，RLS 会损害心理健康，增加焦虑和抑郁的风险。由于 RLS 对夜间休息和心理状态的影响可能会损害该人群的血糖控制，因此糖尿病学家和糖尿病教育者应在其患者中调查 RLS 的存在并对其进行治疗。
