Federal University of Ceará and School of Medicine of Juazeiro do Norte - Ceará/PE, Brazil.
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2010 Feb;65(2):181-7. doi: 10.1590/S1807-59322010000200010.
To investigate whether early weaning constitutes a risk factor for overweight at preschool age and to identify other factors that affect this association.
This was a case-control study of 366 children aged 2 to 6 years (176 boys and 190 girls) from three cities. The case group comprised overweight children, as defined by body mass index (BMI) for age greater than or equal to the 85(th) percentile. The main exposure analyzed was early weaning (exclusive or predominant breastfeeding for less than four months).
Early weaning was a significant risk factor for overweight in univariate analysis (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.10-2.60; p = 0.02), but not in multivariate analysis (OR = 1.42; 95% CI: 0.86-2.34; p = 0.17). Maternal overweight, birth weight > or = 3,500 g and sedentarism were the main risk factors for overweight in multivariate analysis.
In our study, the protective effect of breastfeeding against overweight was only shown in univariate analysis; it did not persist after controlling for other variables. It is possible that breastfeeding has only a small protective role against overweight in comparison with other variables of greater importance.
Our results suggest that the potential protective effect of breastfeeding against overweight among preschool children is weaker than genetic and other environmental factors.
研究早期断奶是否构成幼儿超重的危险因素，并确定影响这种关联的其他因素。
这是一项病例对照研究，共纳入来自三个城市的 366 名 2 至 6 岁儿童（176 名男孩和 190 名女孩）。病例组由超重儿童组成，其定义为体重指数（BMI）年龄大于或等于第 85 百分位。主要分析的暴露因素是早期断奶（完全或主要母乳喂养少于 4 个月）。
在单因素分析中，早期断奶是超重的显著危险因素（OR=1.69；95%CI：1.10-2.60；p=0.02），但在多因素分析中并非如此（OR=1.42；95%CI：0.86-2.34；p=0.17）。母亲超重、出生体重≥3500 克和久坐不动是多因素分析中超重的主要危险因素。
在我们的研究中，母乳喂养对超重的保护作用仅在单因素分析中显示，在控制其他变量后并不持续。与其他更重要的变量相比，母乳喂养对超重的保护作用可能较小。
我们的结果表明，母乳喂养对学龄前儿童超重的潜在保护作用比遗传和其他环境因素弱。
