Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysore, India.
Cell Biochem Funct. 2010 Apr;28(3):171-7. doi: 10.1002/cbf.1637.
Several hydrolytic enzymes of snake venom have evolved to interfere in various physiological processes, which are well defined. However, hydrolytic enzymes such as nucleotidases (5'nucleotidase, ATPase, and ADPase) are less studied and their pharmacological role in venoms is not clearly defined. Very few studies have shown the pharmacological importance of these endogenous purine release related enzymes in venoms. The near-ubiquitous distribution of these enzymes in venoms, suggests a significant role for these enzymes in envenomation. It is suggested that their major function is in the generation of purines (mainly adenosine)-a multitoxin. Therefore, it appears that these enzymes play a central role in liberating adenosine and through the action of adenosine help in prey immobilization. However, apart from this, these enzymes could also possess other pharmacological activities. Further research is needed to biologically characterize these enzymes in snake venoms, such that their role in venom is clearly established.
蛇毒中的几种水解酶已经进化到可以干扰各种生理过程，这些过程已经得到很好的定义。然而，像核苷酸酶（5'核苷酸酶、ATP 酶和 ADP 酶）这样的水解酶研究得较少，它们在毒液中的药理作用也没有明确界定。很少有研究表明这些内源性嘌呤释放相关酶在毒液中的药理重要性。这些酶在毒液中近乎普遍存在，表明它们在毒液中的作用非常重要。有人认为，它们的主要功能是产生嘌呤（主要是腺苷）——一种多毒素。因此，这些酶似乎在释放腺苷方面发挥着核心作用，并通过腺苷的作用帮助猎物固定。然而，除此之外，这些酶还可能具有其他药理活性。需要进一步的研究来对蛇毒中的这些酶进行生物学特性分析，以便明确它们在毒液中的作用。
