Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Mov Disord. 2010;25 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S136-40. doi: 10.1002/mds.22791.
Safe driving requires the coordination of attention, perception, memory, motor and executive functions (including decision-making) and self-awareness. Parkinson's disease and other disorders may impair these abilities. Because age or medical diagnosis alone is often an unreliable criterion for licensure, decisions on fitness to drive should be based on empirical observations of performance. Linkages between cognitive abilities measured by neuropsychological tasks, and driving behavior assessed using driving simulators, and natural and naturalistic observations in instrumented vehicles, can help standardize the assessment of fitness-to-drive. By understanding the patterns of driver safety errors that cause crashes, it may be possible to design interventions to reduce these errors and injuries and increase mobility. This includes driver performance monitoring devices, collision alerting and warning systems, road design, and graded licensure strategies.
安全驾驶需要注意力、感知、记忆、运动和执行功能（包括决策）以及自我意识的协调。帕金森病和其他疾病可能会损害这些能力。由于仅凭年龄或医学诊断通常是颁发许可证不可靠的标准，因此关于驾驶能力的决定应基于对性能的经验观察。通过神经心理学任务测量的认知能力与使用驾驶模拟器评估的驾驶行为之间的联系，以及在仪器化车辆中的自然和自然观察，可以帮助标准化驾驶能力评估。通过了解导致事故的驾驶员安全错误模式，有可能设计干预措施来减少这些错误和伤害，并提高机动性。这包括驾驶员性能监测设备、碰撞警报和警告系统、道路设计和分级许可策略。
