Centro Integrato di Ricerca, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via A. del Portillo 21, Rome, Italy.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2010 Aug 31;173 Suppl:S13-9. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2010.02.007. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
Plants are not only obligate aerobic organisms requiring oxygen for mitochondrial energy production, but also produce oxygen during photosynthesis. Therefore, plant cells have to cope with a hyperoxic cellular environment that determines a production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) higher than the one occurring in animal cells. In order to maintain redox homeostasis under control, plants evolved a particularly complex and redundant ROS-scavenging system, in which enzymes and metabolites are linked in a network of reactions. This review gives an overview of the mechanisms active in plant cells for controlling redox homeostasis during optimal growth conditions, when ROS are produced in a steady-state low amount, and during stress conditions, when ROS production is increased. Particular attention is paid to the aspects of oxygen/ROS management for which plant and animal cells differ.
植物不仅是需要氧气进行线粒体能量生产的需氧生物，而且在光合作用过程中也会产生氧气。因此，植物细胞必须应对高氧细胞环境，这种环境导致活性氧（ROS）的产生高于动物细胞中发生的ROS 产生。为了在受控条件下维持氧化还原平衡，植物进化出了一种特别复杂和冗余的 ROS 清除系统，其中酶和代谢物在反应网络中相互关联。这篇综述概述了在最佳生长条件下，当 ROS 以稳定的低量产生时，以及在 ROS 产生增加的胁迫条件下，植物细胞中控制氧化还原平衡的活性机制。特别关注植物和动物细胞在氧/ROS 管理方面的差异。
