School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, Shinagawa, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
Biol Pharm Bull. 2010;33(3):342-5. doi: 10.1248/bpb.33.342.
The surfaces of lipid droplets (LDs) constitute major sites of regulated accumulation and degradation of lipid in cells, and hence play important roles in lipid homeostasis of the whole body. CGI-58 (also called alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5)) is a member of the alpha/beta-hydrolase family of proteins and is a product of the causal gene of Chanarin-Dorfman syndrome (CDS), which is characterized by excessive storage of triacylglycerol (TG) in various tissues. CGI-58 is distributed predominantly on the surface of LDs and plays a crucial role in TG degradation in cells. In the process of lipolysis, CGI-58 coordinates with several proteins, including perilipin, a member of the PAT family of proteins, and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), a putative rate-limiting enzyme for TG degradation in adipocytes. Besides its role in adipocytes, CGI-58 is involved in lipid degradation in various tissues, including those of skin and liver. This review focuses on the functions and protein interactions of CGI-58 on the surface of LDs in the regulation of fat mobilization in cells.
脂滴（LDs）的表面是细胞中脂质进行调节性积累和降解的主要部位，因此在全身脂质稳态中发挥着重要作用。CGI-58（也称为α/β水解酶结构域蛋白 5（ABHD5））是α/β水解酶蛋白家族的成员，是 Chanarin-Dorfman 综合征（CDS）的致病基因产物，其特征是各种组织中三酰甘油（TG）的过度储存。CGI-58 主要分布在 LDs 的表面，在细胞内 TG 降解中发挥着关键作用。在脂肪分解过程中，CGI-58 与几种蛋白质协调作用，包括 PAT 家族蛋白成员脂联素和脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶（ATGL），后者是脂肪细胞中 TG 降解的假定限速酶。除了在脂肪细胞中的作用外，CGI-58 还参与各种组织（包括皮肤和肝脏）中的脂质降解。这篇综述重点介绍了 CGI-58 在 LDs 表面的功能及其与蛋白质的相互作用，以调节细胞内脂肪动员。
