Wilson S E, Lin D T, Klyce S D
Lions Eye Research Laboratories, Louisiana State University Medical Center School of Medicine, New Orleans.
Cornea. 1991 Jan;10(1):2-8.
Sixty-three eyes of 49 patients with keratoconus were studied by means of computer-assisted corneal topographic analysis. Two patients with keratoconus in one eye had no topographic evidence of keratoconus in the opposite eye. Keratoconic topographic alterations were classified into two groups. The majority of the patients (72%) had peripheral cones, with steepening extending to the limbus. In this group, the steepening was commonly restricted to one or two quadrants. In some cases, however, the changes involved nearly the entire corneal surface. The remaining group (about one quarter of the keratoconus patients) had steepening that was restricted to the central cornea. In either group, the topographic alterations in the two eyes of any single patient were characterized by a high degree of nonsuperimposable mirror-image symmetry (enantiomorphism). In the majority of patients, however, there was a large and statistically significant disparity between the two eyes in the power at the apex of the cone and the total cylinder [mean differences 8.2 +/- 6.0 D (p less than 0.0001) and 4.3 +/- 2.7 D (p less than 0.0001), respectively].
通过计算机辅助角膜地形图分析对49例圆锥角膜患者的63只眼进行了研究。49例患者中有2例一只眼患有圆锥角膜，而另一只眼无圆锥角膜的地形图证据。圆锥角膜的地形图改变分为两组。大多数患者（72%）为周边型圆锥角膜，陡峭程度延伸至角膜缘。在这一组中，陡峭通常局限于一个或两个象限。然而，在某些情况下，变化几乎累及整个角膜表面。其余一组（约占圆锥角膜患者的四分之一）的陡峭局限于角膜中央。在任何一组中，任何单个患者双眼的地形图改变都具有高度的非重叠镜像对称性（对映体现象）。然而，在大多数患者中，圆锥角膜顶点的屈光度和总柱镜度在双眼之间存在很大且具有统计学意义的差异[平均差异分别为8.2±6.0 D（p<0.0001）和4.3±2.7 D（p<0.0001）]。
