Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-2103, USA.
Addict Biol. 2011 Jan;16(1):124-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2009.00197.x.
The present study examined the association between a measure of sociopathy and 5-HTTLPR genotype in a sample of individuals from Project MATCH, a multi-center alcohol treatment trial. 5-HTTLPR, an insertion-deletion polymorphism in SLC6A4, the gene encoding the serotonin transporter protein, results in functionally distinct long (L) and short (S) alleles. The S allele has been associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders and symptoms including alcohol dependence, but it is unknown whether 5-HTTLPR increases the risk for co-morbid sociopathy among those with alcohol dependence. Eight hundred sixty-two subjects diagnosed with alcohol dependence completed the California Psychological Inventory, a psychological assessment that includes a measure of socialization, which was used as a proxy measure of sociopathy. Subjects were genotyped for the insertion-deletion polymorphism, as well as a single nucleotide polymorphism (A→G) that is located in the inserted region. Regression analysis revealed that after controlling for age, which was negatively related to socialization score, 5-HTTLPR genotype interacted with sex to determine socialization score (P < 0.001). Males with the L'L' genotype (i.e. those homozygous for the L(A) allele) had lower socialization scores (i.e. greater sociopathy) than males who were carriers of the S' allele (P = 0.03). In contrast, women with the S'S' genotype had lower socialization scores than women with two L' alleles (P = 0.002) and tended to have lower Socialization Index of the California Psychological Inventory scores than women with one copy of the L' allele (P = 0.07). Among individuals with alcohol use disorders, the tri-allelic 5-HTTLPR polymorphism had opposite effects on socialization scores in men than women. The basis for this finding is unknown, but it may have implications for sub-typing alcoholics.
本研究在一项来自项目 MATCH 的个体样本中，考察了一种社交病态人格量表与 5-HTTLPR 基因型之间的关系，该项目是一项多中心酒精治疗试验。5-HTTLPR 是 SLC6A4 基因中的一个插入缺失多态性，该基因编码血清素转运蛋白，导致功能不同的长（L）和短（S）等位基因。S 等位基因与多种精神疾病和症状有关，包括酒精依赖，但尚不清楚 5-HTTLPR 是否会增加酒精依赖者共病社交病态人格的风险。862 名被诊断为酒精依赖的受试者完成了加利福尼亚心理问卷，这是一种心理评估，包括社交能力的测量，可作为社交病态人格的替代测量。对受试者进行了插入缺失多态性以及位于插入区域的单核苷酸多态性（A→G）的基因分型。回归分析显示，在控制了与社交评分呈负相关的年龄后，5-HTTLPR 基因型与性别相互作用决定了社交评分（P<0.001）。携带 L'L'基因型（即 L(A) 等位基因纯合子）的男性社交评分较低（即社交病态人格程度较高），而携带 S' 等位基因的男性社交评分较高（P=0.03）。相比之下，携带 S'S'基因型的女性社交评分低于携带两个 L' 等位基因的女性（P=0.002），且携带一个 L'等位基因的女性社交评分也低于携带两个 L'等位基因的女性（P=0.07）。在患有酒精使用障碍的个体中，三等位基因 5-HTTLPR 多态性对男性和女性的社交评分有相反的影响。该发现的依据尚不清楚，但它可能对酒精成瘾者的亚类型具有重要意义。
