Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and the Bipolar Disorders Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2010 Feb;71(2):e05. doi: 10.4088/JCP.8125tx7c.
The presentation of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents may vary from its presentation in adults. Rage, irritability, and long episodes are common manifestations of mania in young people with bipolar disorder. Frequent comorbid disorders in young patients include ADHD and anxiety disorders. Prodromal and subsyndromal states of bipolar disorder, such as bipolar disorder NOS, present opportunities for early intervention and prevention. Early recognition and intervention are crucial, because untreated pediatric bipolar disorder becomes chronic, has a high incidence of relapse, and has a poor prognosis.
儿童和青少年双相障碍的表现可能与成人不同。愤怒、易怒和长时间发作是双相障碍青少年躁狂的常见表现。患有双相障碍的年轻患者常合并注意缺陷多动障碍和焦虑障碍。双相障碍未特定型和亚综合征等前驱和亚综合征状态为早期干预和预防提供了机会。早期识别和干预至关重要，因为未经治疗的儿童双相障碍会变成慢性疾病，复发率高，预后不良。
