Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Barnard College of Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Horm Behav. 2013 Jul;64(2):357-63. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2013.01.012. Epub 2013 Mar 7.
This article is part of a Special Issue "Puberty and Adolescence". Many endocrine changes are associated with pubertal and adolescent development. One such change is the responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to physical and/or psychological stressors. Recent human and non-human animal studies have shown that hormonal stress reactivity increases significantly throughout puberty and adolescence. Specifically, exposure to various stressors results in greater adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and glucocorticoid responses in peripubertal compared to adult animals. This review will focus on how stress reactivity changes throughout puberty and adolescence, as well as potential mechanisms that mediate these changes in stress responsiveness. Though the implications of these pubertal shifts in stress responsiveness are not fully understood, the significant increase in stress-related mental and physical dysfunctions during this stage of development highlights the importance of studying pubertal and adolescent maturation of HPA function and its reactivity to stress.
这是一篇“青春期”特刊的一部分。许多内分泌变化与青春期和青少年发育有关。其中一个变化是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴对身体和/或心理应激的反应能力。最近的人类和非人类动物研究表明，荷尔蒙应激反应在整个青春期和青少年时期都会显著增加。具体来说，与成年动物相比，青春期动物在接触各种应激源后会导致促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和糖皮质激素反应增强。本综述将重点讨论应激反应在青春期和青少年时期是如何变化的，以及介导这些应激反应变化的潜在机制。尽管这些青春期应激反应变化的影响尚不完全清楚，但在这个发育阶段，与应激相关的精神和身体功能障碍显著增加，凸显了研究 HPA 功能的青春期和青少年成熟及其对应激的反应性的重要性。
