CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands;
Persoonia. 2009 Jun;22:139-61. doi: 10.3767/003158509X461701. Epub 2009 Jun 9.
The recently generated molecular phylogeny for the kingdom Fungi, on which a new classification scheme is based, still suffers from an under representation of numerous apparently asexual genera of microfungi. In an attempt to populate the Fungal Tree of Life, fresh samples of 10 obscure genera of hyphomycetes were collected. These fungi were subsequently established in culture, and subjected to DNA sequence analysis of the ITS and LSU nrRNA genes to resolve species and generic questions related to these obscure genera. Brycekendrickomyces (Herpotrichiellaceae) is introduced as a new genus similar to, but distinct from Haplographium and Lauriomyces. Chalastospora is shown to be a genus in the Pleosporales, with two new species, C. ellipsoidea and C. obclavata, to which Alternaria malorum is added as an additional taxon under its oldest epithet, C. gossypii. Cyphellophora eugeniae is newly described in Cyphellophora (Herpotrichiellaceae), and distinguished from other taxa in the genus. Dictyosporium is placed in the Pleosporales, with one new species, D. streliziae. The genus Edenia, which was recently introduced for a sterile endophytic fungus isolated in Mexico, is shown to be a hyphomycete (Pleosporales) forming a pyronellea-like synanamorph in culture. Thedgonia is shown not to represent an anamorph of Mycosphaerella, but to belong to the Helotiales. Trochophora, however, clustered basal to the Pseudocercospora complex in the Mycosphaerellaceae, as did Verrucisporota. Vonarxia, a rather forgotten genus of hyphomycetes, is shown to belong to the Herpotrichiellaceae and Xenostigmina is confirmed as synanamorph of Mycopappus, and is shown to be allied to Seifertia in the Pleosporales. Dichotomous keys are provided for species in the various genera treated. Furthermore, several families are shown to be polyphyletic within some orders, especially in the Capnodiales, Chaetothyriales and Pleosporales.
真菌王国的最新分子系统发育，基于此建立了新的分类方案，但仍存在许多微真菌无性属的代表性不足的问题。为了填补真菌生命之树的空白，收集了 10 个鲜为人知的丝孢菌属的真菌样本。这些真菌随后在培养中建立，并对 ITS 和 LSU nrRNA 基因进行 DNA 序列分析，以解决与这些鲜为人知的属有关的种和属问题。Brycekendrickomyces（Herpotrichiellaceae）被引入为一个新属，类似于但不同于 Haplographium 和 Lauriomyces。Chalastospora 被证明是 Pleosporales 的一个属，有两个新种，C. ellipsoidea 和 C. obclavata，将 Alternaria malorum 添加为其最古老的学名 C. gossypii 的另一个分类群。Cyphellophora eugeniae 在 Cyphellophora（Herpotrichiellaceae）中被重新描述，并与属中的其他分类群区分开来。Dictyosporium 被归入 Pleosporales，有一个新种，D. streliziae。最近为在墨西哥分离的一种无菌内生真菌引入的 Edenia 属被证明是一种丝孢菌（Pleosporales），在培养中形成类似 Pyronelella 的 synanamorph。Thedgonia 不代表 Mycosphaerella 的无性型，而是属于 Helotiales。Trochophora 则在 Mycosphaerellaceae 中的 Pseudocercospora 复合体中聚类，与 Verrucisporota 一样。vonarxia 是一个相当被遗忘的丝孢菌属，被证明属于 Herpotrichiellaceae，Xenostigmina 被确认为 Mycopappus 的 synanamorph，在 Pleosporales 中与 Seifertia 有关。为处理的各个属中的种提供了二叉分类钥匙。此外，几个科在某些目内显示出多系性，特别是在 Capnodiales、Chaetothyriales 和 Pleosporales 中。
