静水压力、搅拌和 CO2 胁迫对烟草疫霉菌游动孢子存活的影响。

Effects of hydrostatic pressure, agitation and CO2 stress on Phytophthora nicotianae zoospore survival.

机构信息

Hampton Roads Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Beach, VA 23455, USA.

出版信息

Pest Manag Sci. 2010 Jul;66(7):696-704. doi: 10.1002/ps.1926.

DOI:10.1002/ps.1926

PMID:20201053

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan is a common pathogen of ornamental plants in recycled irrigation systems. In a previous study, annual vinca (Catharanthus roseus Don) inoculated with zoospore suspensions using a CO(2)-pressurized sprayer had less foliage blight than plants inoculated using a hand sprayer. Here, the impact of hydrostatic pressure, agitation and aeration with CO(2) on the survival of P. nicotianae zoospores was examined.

RESULTS

Exposure of zoospores to 840 kPa hydrostatic pressure for 8 min or agitation at a mixing intensity (G) of 6483 s(-1) for 4 min at 22-23 degrees C did not kill zoospores, but resulted in viable cysts. Motile and forcefully encysted zoospores of P. nicotianae were equally infectious on vinca or lupine (Lupinus polyphylus Lindl.). Bubbling CO(2) into zoospore-infested water at 110.4 mL (0.2 g) min(-1) for 5 min caused 81% reduction in the number of germinated zoospores. Pressure at 630 kPa (16.3 g CO(2)) or 70 kPa (3.85 g CO(2)) facilitated CO(2) injection and shortened the zoospore inactivation time to 30 s. When air was bubbled through the suspension, germination was similar to the control.

CONCLUSIONS

Exposure to CO(2) killed P. nicotianae zoospores in water. Neither pressure nor agitation had an effect on zoospore viability or infectivity. Based on results of this study, the authors designed a recycling CO(2) water treatment system that is currently under evaluation.

摘要

背景

腐霉菌（Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan）是循环灌溉系统中观赏植物的常见病原体。在之前的一项研究中，使用 CO2 加压喷雾器接种游动孢子悬浮液的一年生长春花（Catharanthus roseus Don）比使用手动喷雾器接种的植物叶片枯萎病少。在这里，研究了静水压力、CO2 搅拌和曝气对腐霉菌游动孢子存活的影响。

结果

暴露于 840 kPa 静水压力 8 分钟或在 22-23°C 下以混合强度（G）6483 s-1 搅拌 4 分钟不会杀死游动孢子，但会导致可存活的胞囊。运动和强力包囊的腐霉菌游动孢子在长春花或羽扇豆（Lupinus polyphylus Lindl.）上具有同等感染力。在 110.4 mL（0.2 g）min-1 的 CO2 下向感染游动孢子的水中鼓泡 5 分钟会导致发芽游动孢子数减少 81%。630 kPa（16.3 g CO2）或 70 kPa（3.85 g CO2）的压力有利于 CO2 注入，并将游动孢子失活时间缩短至 30 s。当空气通过悬浮液鼓泡时，萌发与对照相似。