Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, D-14424, Potsdam, Germany.
J Biomed Nanotechnol. 2009 Dec;5(6):652-68. doi: 10.1166/jbn.2009.1082.
The use of magnetic nanoparitilces for biological and biomedical applications such as protein separation, targeted drug delivery, hyperthermia treatment, use as contrast agents of magnetic resonance imaging, biosensing, magnetic fluids environmental remediation is one of the most attractive fields of nanotechnology today because of their unique magnetic properties and the potential to function at cellular and molecular level of biological interactions. To apply them in biological fluids or aqueous environment it is essential to modulate the chemical nature of magnetic nanoparticle surfaces to increase their water solubility and colloidal stability in aqueous medium. By employing different coating technologies they cannot only be rendered longterm stable in biological fluids but also functionalized to fulfill different tasks, like molecular targeting or linking of therapeutic agents. To achieve this goal different polymeric coatings are applied to provide solubility and stability in aqueous solution and additional functional groups for attachment. Taken together the versatile modifications described in this review improved the ability to specifically tailor the features and properties of magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
将磁性纳米粒子用于生物和生物医学应用，如蛋白质分离、靶向药物输送、热疗治疗、磁共振成像对比剂的应用、生物传感、磁流体环境修复等，是当今纳米技术最具吸引力的领域之一，因为它们具有独特的磁性和在细胞和分子水平上发挥作用的潜力。为了将它们应用于生物流体或水相环境中，必须调节磁性纳米粒子表面的化学性质，以提高其在水介质中的水溶性和胶体稳定性。通过采用不同的涂层技术，不仅可以使它们在生物流体中长期稳定，而且还可以进行功能化，以实现不同的任务，如分子靶向或治疗剂的连接。为了实现这一目标，应用了不同的聚合物涂层以提供在水溶液中的溶解性和稳定性，以及用于连接的额外官能团。综上所述，本文综述中描述的多功能修饰提高了特异性调整磁性纳米粒子的特性和性能以用于生物医学应用的能力。
