Stasiuk Maria, Kijanka Grzegorz, Kozubek Arkadiusz
Zakład Lipidów i Liposomów, Wydział Biotechnologii Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wrocław, Poland.
Postepy Biochem. 2009;55(4):425-33.
Erythrocytes can occur in many different shapes. Most of them are pathological and can be involved in diseases such a hemolytic anemia's and sickle cell anemia. Only three kinds of red blood cells are no pathological. Echinocytes, stomatocytes and discocytes can occure in blood stream of healthy organism. The echinocyte-dyscocyte-stomatocyte transformation protects red blood cells from lysis caused by echinocytogenic agents (hypertonic saline, basic pH, vanadate, anionic amphiphiles, ATP depletion etc.) or stomatocytogenic agents (hypotonic saline, acidic pH, cationic amphiphiles etc.). Mechanisms of these transformations can be classified in three group: redistribution of bilayer's lipid, modification Donnan's equilibrium and interaction of band 3 protein with different type of external factors.
红细胞可以呈现多种不同的形状。其中大多数是病理性的，可能与诸如溶血性贫血和镰状细胞贫血等疾病有关。只有三种红细胞是非病理性的。棘形红细胞、口形红细胞和盘状红细胞可出现在健康生物体的血流中。棘形红细胞-异形红细胞-口形红细胞转化可保护红细胞免受由棘形红细胞生成剂（高渗盐水、碱性pH值、钒酸盐、阴离子两亲物、ATP耗竭等）或口形红细胞生成剂（低渗盐水、酸性pH值、阳离子两亲物等）引起的裂解。这些转化机制可分为三类：双层脂质的重新分布、唐南平衡的改变以及带3蛋白与不同类型外部因素的相互作用。
