McMaster University, School of Nursing, Hamilton, Ontario.
Can J Aging. 2010 Mar;29(1):119-37. doi: 10.1017/S0714980809990365.
This study examined the six-month prevalence, risk factors, and costs of falls in older people using home support services who are at risk of falling. Of the 109 participants, 70.6 per cent reported >or= one fall in the previous six months, and 27.5 per cent experienced multiple falls. Although there was no statistically significant difference in any fall-related risk factor between fallers (1+ falls) and non-fallers (0 falls), fallers had clinically important trends towards lower levels of physical, social, and psychological functioning. There was no statistically significant difference between fallers and non-fallers in the total per-person costs of use of health services in the previous six months; however, there were significant differences between groups in specific types of health services. The multivariate analysis revealed the presence of five risk factors for falls: neurological disorder (e.g., cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease), age >or= 85 years, environmental hazards, previous slip or trip, and visual impairment.
本研究调查了使用家庭支持服务且有跌倒风险的老年人在过去六个月中的跌倒发生率、风险因素和成本。在 109 名参与者中，70.6%的人报告在过去六个月中发生了>或=1 次跌倒，27.5%的人经历了多次跌倒。尽管在任何与跌倒相关的风险因素方面，跌倒者（1+次跌倒）和非跌倒者（0 次跌倒）之间没有统计学上的显著差异，但跌倒者的身体、社会和心理功能水平呈明显下降趋势。在过去六个月中，每位使用者的健康服务总费用在跌倒者和非跌倒者之间没有统计学上的显著差异；然而，在特定类型的卫生服务方面，两组之间存在显著差异。多变量分析显示存在五个跌倒风险因素：神经障碍（如认知障碍、帕金森病）、年龄>或=85 岁、环境危害、既往滑倒或绊倒、以及视力障碍。
