Cauley J A, Donfield S M, Laporte R E, Warhaftig N E
Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1991 Mar;23(3):343-51.
In the current study, we examined physical activity in two population based cohorts of Allegheny County. Pennsylvania, which differed markedly in their socioeconomic status (SES), in order to evaluate the relationship of SES to physical activity patterns. A total of 917 individuals participated in a prevalence survey administered during a home visit in 1981. All of the participants were white. Households were randomly selected. An overall response rate of 84% was achieved. Activity was assessed using the Paffenbarger survey, which included the number of blocks walked, stairs climbed, sports and recreational activities, and hours spent in vigorous, moderate, and light activities. In both high and low SES individuals, activity was inversely associated with age and was higher in males than in females. The relationship of physical activity to SES differed depending on the dimension of activity assessed. Participation in sports was reported more frequently in high status males and females. SES was a significant predictor of walking activity in females, with low status females reporting more walking. The number of hours spent in moderate activities was greater, but the number of hours spent in light activities was lower, in low status males. There was little difference by SES in the composite activity score, average annual kilocalories per week. In summary, our research suggests that SES can impinge differently on separate manifestations of activity, and future research needs to identify how SES affects activity.
在本研究中，我们调查了宾夕法尼亚州阿勒格尼县两个基于人群的队列中的身体活动情况，这两个人群的社会经济地位（SES）差异显著，目的是评估SES与身体活动模式之间的关系。共有917人参与了1981年在家访期间进行的患病率调查。所有参与者均为白人。家庭是随机选取的。总体应答率为84%。使用帕芬巴格调查问卷评估活动情况，该问卷包括步行街区数、爬楼梯数、体育和娱乐活动，以及在剧烈、适度和轻度活动中花费的时间。在高SES和低SES个体中，活动与年龄呈负相关，且男性的活动量高于女性。身体活动与SES的关系因所评估的活动维度而异。高社会地位的男性和女性参与体育活动的报告更为频繁。SES是女性步行活动的一个重要预测因素，低社会地位的女性报告的步行量更多。低社会地位男性在适度活动中花费的时间更多，但在轻度活动中花费的时间更少。SES在综合活动得分（每周平均千卡数）方面差异不大。总之，我们的研究表明，SES可能会以不同方式影响活动的不同表现形式，未来的研究需要确定SES如何影响活动。
