西非冈比亚溶组织内阿米巴感染的流行病学

The epidemiology of infection with Entamoeba histolytica in the Gambia, West Africa.

作者信息

Bray R S, Harris W G

出版信息

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1977;71(5):401-7. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(77)90038-4.

PMID:202045

Abstract

A country-wide stool survey of The Gambia showed the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica cysts to range from 13.7% up-country in the dry season to 52.3% near the coast. A longitudinal survey showed a near 100% infection rate over one year and a sharp rise in prevalence as the rains commence with an equally sharp fall as the rains progress. Specific antibody levels are elevated and reasonably constant through the year. Carriers generally show no specific lymphocyte reactivity to amoebic antigen but consistently parasite-negative individuals tended to show elevated lymphocyte reactivity. Attempts to discover the presence of cysts in the environment of villages by cultivation of specimens of water, soil, food, flies and washing from clothes and hands generally failed though E. histolytica was recovered once from a well.

摘要

冈比亚全国范围的粪便调查显示，溶组织内阿米巴包囊的流行率在旱季内陆地区为13.7%，在沿海地区为52.3%。一项纵向调查显示，一年中的感染率接近100%，随着雨季开始，流行率急剧上升，随着雨季推进又同样急剧下降。特异性抗体水平全年升高且相对稳定。带虫者通常对阿米巴抗原无特异性淋巴细胞反应，但持续寄生虫检测呈阴性的个体往往表现出淋巴细胞反应性升高。通过培养水、土壤、食物、苍蝇以及衣服和手部洗涤物的标本，试图在村庄环境中发现包囊，但大多未成功，不过曾从一口井中分离出溶组织内阿米巴。