Lazebnik L B, Masharova A A, Bordin D S, Vasil'ev Iu V, Tkachenko E I, Abdulkhakov R A, Butov M A, Eremina E Iu, Zinchuk L I, Tsukanov V V
Eksp Klin Gastroenterol. 2009(6):4-12.
We aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical spectrum of GERD in the urban population of 6 cities in different parts of Russia (St. Petersburg, Ryazan, Kazan, Kemerovo, Krasnoyarsk and Saransk). A previously validated reflux questionnaire developed at the Mayo Clinic was translated into Russian, culturally adapted and administered. Data was collected from 7812 randomly selected subjects greater than 18 years old with the assistance of the yellow pages. 'Frequent symptoms' were defined as a major symptom (heartburn and/or regurgitation) occurring at least once a week or more. "Occasional symptoms" were defined as an episode of one of the major symptoms occurring less than once a week within the past 12 months. Patients were defined as having GERD if they reported frequent heartburn and/or regurgitation. The average prevalence of frequent and occasional GERD symptoms in Russia was 9% and 38.5% for heartburn and 7.6% and 35.3% for regurgitation respectively within the last 12 months. The average prevalence of GERD in Russia was 13.3% (11.3-14.3%). The prevalence of frequent heartburn decreased with age (r = -0.3); however, frequent regurgitation increased (r = 0.7) with age. As a result, we found that prevalence of GERD increased with age. The average prevalence of GERD was statistically the same in men (12.5%) and in women (13.9%). This prevalence didn't change with age in men but did increase with age in elderly women to 24%. Frequent heartburn and regurgitation (GERD) were significantly associated with frequent belching (24.3%), chronic cough (22.9%), dyspepsia (19.8%), non-cardiac chest pain (15.1%), nausea (14.9%), hoarseness (11.4%), dysphagia (8.1%), odynophagia (7.3%) and constipation (37.8%). Alcohol consumption (prevalence of 60.4% among respondents) and smoking (prevalence of 25.4% among respondents) didn't yield any significant difference in subjects with frequent symptoms. Importantly, we also found that only 52.8% of subjects with frequent chest pain and 29.3% of respondents with frequent heartburn had seen a physician for these symptoms.
我们旨在确定俄罗斯不同地区6个城市（圣彼得堡、梁赞、喀山、克麦罗沃、克拉斯诺亚尔斯克和萨兰斯克）城市人口中胃食管反流病（GERD）的患病率及临床症状谱。梅奥诊所之前验证过的反流问卷被翻译成俄语，并进行文化调适后用于调查。在黄页的帮助下，我们从7812名随机抽取的18岁以上受试者中收集数据。“频繁症状”定义为主要症状（烧心和/或反流）每周至少出现一次或更多次。“偶尔症状”定义为在过去12个月内主要症状之一发作次数少于每周一次。如果患者报告有频繁烧心和/或反流，则被定义为患有GERD。在过去12个月内，俄罗斯频繁和偶尔出现GERD症状的平均患病率分别为：烧心为9%和38.5%，反流为7.6%和35.3%。俄罗斯GERD的平均患病率为13.3%（11.3 - 14.3%）。频繁烧心的患病率随年龄增长而降低（r = -0.3）；然而，频繁反流随年龄增长而增加（r = 0.7）。结果，我们发现GERD的患病率随年龄增长而增加。GERD在男性（12.5%）和女性（13.9%）中的平均患病率在统计学上相同。这种患病率在男性中不随年龄变化，但在老年女性中随年龄增长至24%。频繁烧心和反流（GERD）与频繁嗳气（24.3%）、慢性咳嗽（22.9%）、消化不良（19.8%）、非心源性胸痛（15.1%）、恶心（14.9%）、声音嘶哑（11.4%）、吞咽困难（8.1%）、吞咽疼痛（7.3%）和便秘（37.8%）显著相关。饮酒（受访者中患病率为60.4%）和吸烟（受访者中患病率为25.4%）在有频繁症状的受试者中未产生任何显著差异。重要的是，我们还发现，只有52.8%有频繁胸痛的受试者和29.3%有频繁烧心的受访者因这些症状看过医生。
