Bor S, Lazebnik L B, Kitapcioglu G, Manannikof I, Vasiliev Y
Section of Gastroenterology & Ege Reflux Study Group, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
Central Research Institute of Gastroenterology, Moscow, Russia.
Dis Esophagus. 2016 Feb-Mar;29(2):159-65. doi: 10.1111/dote.12310. Epub 2015 Jan 21.
Limited data exist to determine the prevalence and clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the Russian population, which might be different from those in Western countries. This study was performed in Moscow on randomized 1065 adults aged ≥ 15 years. A validated reflux questionnaire comprising 72 questions and an additional 29 sub-questions were used. The questions assessed (heartburn and regurgitation) and related (dyspepsia, dysphagia, odynophagia and chest pain) symptoms, the triggering factors of these symptoms, family history and data on demographic and socioeconomic features. GERD was defined as heartburn and/or regurgitation once a week or common. Of the 1065 participants, 42.1% were male and 57.9% were female. The prevalences of frequent and occasional symptoms were 17.6 and 22.1% for heartburn and 17.5 and 21.8% for regurgitation, respectively, over the last 12 months. The prevalence of GERD was found to be 23.6%. The rate of GERD was significantly higher in females than in males (15.4 vs. 29.5%, P < 0.001) and significantly increased as the age of the participants increased (P = 0.011). GERD was present in 20.4% of smokers, 24.2% of coffee drinkers, 21.5% of alcohol consumers and 45.9% of stressed participants. Although the rate of alcohol consumers was lower in those with GERD compared with those without GERD, the rate of coffee drinkers and stressed participants was higher among those with GERD. The rate of additional symptoms was higher even in participants complaining of regurgitation/heartburn rarely, compared with those without complaints. Using the same questionnaire, which makes it possible to compare the present results with those from different countries, we found the prevalence of GERD in Moscow to be 23.6%, one of highest in the Western populations. The rates of heartburn and regurgitation were found to be similar, which constitutes a different result than has been found in similar studies. Additional symptoms should be assessed, in all GERD patients even in the presence of rare complaints of regurgitation/heartburn.
目前尚无足够数据来确定俄罗斯人群胃食管反流病（GERD）的患病率及其临床谱，俄罗斯人群的情况可能与西方国家不同。本研究在莫斯科对1065名年龄≥15岁的成年人进行了随机抽样。采用了一份经过验证的包含72个问题及另外29个小问题的反流问卷。这些问题评估了（烧心和反流）以及相关（消化不良、吞咽困难、吞咽疼痛和胸痛）症状、这些症状的诱发因素、家族史以及人口统计学和社会经济特征数据。GERD被定义为每周出现一次或更频繁的烧心和/或反流。在1065名参与者中，42.1%为男性，57.9%为女性。在过去12个月中，烧心症状频繁出现和偶尔出现的患病率分别为17.6%和22.1%，反流症状的相应患病率分别为17.5%和21.8%。GERD的患病率为23.6%。女性的GERD患病率显著高于男性（15.4%对29.5%，P<0.001），且随着参与者年龄的增加而显著上升（P = 0.011）。20.4%的吸烟者、24.2%的咖啡饮用者、21.5%的饮酒者以及45.9%有压力的参与者患有GERD。虽然与无GERD者相比，GERD患者中的饮酒者比例较低，但GERD患者中的咖啡饮用者和有压力的参与者比例较高。即使在很少主诉反流/烧心的参与者中，其额外症状的发生率也高于无相关主诉者。使用相同的问卷使得能够将当前结果与来自不同国家的结果进行比较，我们发现莫斯科GERD的患病率为23.6%，是西方人群中患病率最高的地区之一。烧心和反流的发生率相似，这与类似研究的结果不同。对于所有GERD患者，即使仅有罕见的反流/烧心主诉，也应评估其额外症状。
