McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
J Pers Disord. 2010 Feb;24(1):3-13. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2010.24.1.3.
Diagnosis in psychiatry is currently based on phenomenology, because etiology and pathogenesis are largely unknown, and because biological markers for disease have not been identified. The unitary model of depression and the model of a bipolar spectrum are based on resemblances in phenomenology between symptoms whose pathogenetic pathways are likely to differ. Both models have sometimes considered the diagnosis of personality disorder as an affective variant, even when patients present with qualitatively distinct mood features. Biological reductionism lies behind a concept of mood as the primary driver of psychopathology, a view that may be detrimental to treatment.
目前，精神病学的诊断主要基于现象学，因为病因和发病机制在很大程度上尚未可知，也没有发现疾病的生物学标志物。单相抑郁模型和双相谱系模型都是基于症状的相似性，而这些症状的发病途径可能不同。这两种模型有时将人格障碍的诊断视为一种情感变体，即使患者表现出明显不同的情绪特征。生物简化论背后的一个概念是，情绪是精神病理学的主要驱动因素，这种观点可能对治疗不利。
