Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia, USA.
BMC Cancer. 2010 Mar 6;10:81. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-81.
Maternal consumption of a diet high in omega 6 polyunsaturated fats (n-6 PUFA) has been shown to increase risk whereas a diet high in omega 3 polyunsaturated fats (n-3 PUFA) from fish oil has been shown to decrease risk for mammary gland cancer in female offspring of rats. The aim of this study was to determine whether increasing n-3 PUFA and reducing n-6 PUFA by using canola oil instead of corn oil in the maternal diet might reduce the risk for breast cancer in female offspring.
Female SV 129 mice were divided into two groups and placed on diets containing either 10% w/w corn oil (which is 50% n-6 PUFA, control diet) or 10% w/w canola oil (which is 20% n-6 PUFA, 10% n-3 PUFA, test diet). After two weeks on the diets the females were bred with homozygous C3(1) TAg transgenic mice. Mother mice consumed the assigned diet throughout gestation and nursing of the offspring. After weaning, all female offspring were maintained on the control diet.
Compared to offspring of mothers fed the corn oil diet (CO/CO group), offspring of mothers fed the canola oil diet (CA/CO group) had significantly fewer mammary glands with tumors throughout the experiment. At 130 days of age, the CA/CO group had significantly fewer tumors per mouse (multiplicity); the tumor incidence (fraction of mice with any tumor) and the total tumor weight (per mouse that developed tumor) was less than one half that of the CO/CO group. At 170 days of age, the total tumor weight per mouse was significantly less in the CA/CO group and if a tumor developed the rate of tumor growth rate was half that of CO/CO group. These results indicate that maternal consumption of canola oil was associated with delayed appearance of mammary gland tumors and slowed growth of the tumors that developed.
Substituting canola oil for corn oil is an easy dietary change for people to make; such a change to the maternal diet may decrease risk for breast cancer in the daughter.
研究表明，母体摄入富含欧米伽 6 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-6 PUFA）的饮食会增加风险，而摄入富含鱼油的欧米伽 3 多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）则会降低雌性大鼠后代患乳腺肿瘤的风险。本研究旨在确定在母体饮食中用菜籽油代替玉米油来增加 n-3 PUFA 并减少 n-6 PUFA 是否会降低雌性后代患乳腺癌的风险。
将雌性 SV 129 小鼠分为两组，分别喂食含有 10%w/w 玉米油（n-6 PUFA 含量为 50%，对照饮食）或 10%w/w 菜籽油（n-6 PUFA 含量为 20%，n-3 PUFA 含量为 10%，试验饮食）的饮食。两组雌鼠在饮食两周后与纯合 C3(1) TAg 转基因雄鼠交配。母鼠在整个孕期和哺乳期都食用指定的饮食。断乳后，所有雌性后代都维持在对照饮食上。
与食用玉米油饮食的母鼠（CO/CO 组）的后代相比，食用菜籽油饮食的母鼠（CA/CO 组）的后代在整个实验过程中患乳腺肿瘤的乳腺数量明显减少。在 130 天时，CA/CO 组每只鼠的肿瘤数量明显减少（多发性）；肿瘤发生率（任何肿瘤的小鼠比例）和总肿瘤重量（每只发生肿瘤的小鼠）不到 CO/CO 组的一半。在 170 天时，CA/CO 组每只鼠的总肿瘤重量明显减少，如果发生肿瘤，肿瘤生长速度是 CO/CO 组的一半。这些结果表明，母体食用菜籽油与乳腺肿瘤出现时间延迟和肿瘤生长速度减慢有关。
用菜籽油代替玉米油是人们容易进行的饮食改变；这种母体饮食的改变可能会降低女儿患乳腺癌的风险。
