Menzies School of Health Research, Institute of Advanced Studies, Charles Darwin University, Building 58, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin 0810, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2010 Mar 7;10:114. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-114.
Acute respiratory illness (ARI) is the most common cause of acute presentations and hospitalisations of young Indigenous children in Australia and New Zealand (NZ). Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) from household smoking is a significant and preventable contributor to childhood ARI. This paper describes the protocol for a study which aims to test the efficacy of a family-centred tobacco control program about ETS to improve the respiratory health of Indigenous infants in Australia and New Zealand. For the purpose of this paper 'Indigenous' refers to Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples when referring to Australian Indigenous populations. In New Zealand, the term 'Indigenous' refers to Māori.
METHODS/DESIGN: This study will be a parallel, randomized, controlled trial. Participants will be Indigenous women and their infants, half of whom will be randomly allocated to an 'intervention' group, who will receive the tobacco control program over three home visits in the first three months of the infant's life and half to a control group receiving 'usual care' (i.e. they will not receive the tobacco control program). Indigenous health workers will deliver the intervention, the goal of which is to reduce or eliminate infant exposure to ETS. Data collection will occur at baseline (shortly after birth) and when the infant is four months and one year of age. The primary outcome is a doctor-diagnosed, documented case of respiratory illness in participating infants.
Interventions aimed at reducing exposure of Indigenous children to ETS have the potential for significant benefits for Indigenous communities. There is currently a dearth of evidence for the effect of tobacco control interventions to reduce children's exposure to ETS among Indigenous populations. This study will provide high-quality evidence of the efficacy of a family-centred tobacco control program on ETS to reduce respiratory illness. Outcomes of our study will be important and significant for Indigenous tobacco control in Australia and New Zealand and prevention of respiratory illness in children.
急性呼吸道疾病（ARI）是澳大利亚和新西兰（NZ）年轻原住民儿童急性发作和住院的最常见原因。家庭吸烟产生的环境烟草烟雾（ETS）是导致儿童 ARI 的一个重要且可预防的因素。本文描述了一项研究的方案，该研究旨在测试以家庭为中心的烟草控制计划对改善澳大利亚和新西兰原住民婴儿呼吸道健康的效果。本文中，“原住民”是指澳大利亚的原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民，用于指代澳大利亚原住民人口。在新西兰，“原住民”是指毛利人。
方法/设计：本研究将采用平行、随机、对照试验。参与者将是原住民妇女及其婴儿，其中一半将被随机分配到“干预”组，他们将在婴儿生命的头三个月内接受三次家访的烟草控制计划，另一半将分配到对照组，接受“常规护理”（即他们不会接受烟草控制计划）。原住民卫生工作者将提供干预措施，其目标是减少或消除婴儿接触 ETS。数据收集将在基线（出生后不久）和婴儿四个月和一岁时进行。主要结局是参与婴儿经医生诊断、有记录的呼吸道疾病病例。
旨在减少原住民儿童接触 ETS 的干预措施有可能为原住民社区带来重大利益。目前，关于烟草控制干预措施减少儿童接触 ETS 对原住民人口的影响的证据很少。本研究将为以家庭为中心的烟草控制计划减少 ETS 以减少呼吸道疾病的效果提供高质量的证据。我们研究的结果对澳大利亚和新西兰的原住民烟草控制以及儿童呼吸道疾病的预防将非常重要和有意义。
