Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory Prevention Research Center, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Community Health. 2019 Aug;44(4):684-693. doi: 10.1007/s10900-019-00666-1.
Smoke-free homes can reduce exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and support smoking cessation. The current study seeks to understand perspectives, including barriers and facilitators, on smoke-free homes among five American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. Guided by a national work group of tribal partners, ten focus groups were conducted with AI/AN adult smokers and nonsmokers (n = 95) in Alaska, California, Michigan and Oklahoma, stratified by smoking status. The majority of participants lived in single unit detached homes (70.5%). Most of the nonsmokers had a smoke-free home rule (92.9%) and a majority of smokers did as well (64.7%). The most common reasons for smoke-free home rules were protecting children and grandchildren, including children with health problems. Challenges to a smoke-free home included weather and visitors who smoked, along with the inconvenience of going outside, the habit of smoking inside, the need to watch a young child, safety concerns, and smokers who break the rules. Respecting rules and respecting elders emerged as important themes. Traditional use of tobacco in the home was viewed as quite distinct from recreational or everyday use. Over half (58.2%) reported never using tobacco for ceremonial, prayer or traditional reasons in their homes. Given unique considerations for the adoption of smoke-free homes in AI/AN communities, particularly regarding the use of sacred tobacco for traditional, ceremonial, or medicinal purposes, it is important to learn which barriers and facilitators are similar to the general population and which may be unique to tribal communities in the U.S.
无烟家庭可以减少二手烟（SHS）暴露，并支持戒烟。本研究旨在了解五个美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民（AI/AN）社区对无烟家庭的看法，包括障碍和促进因素。在一个由部落伙伴组成的国家工作组的指导下，在阿拉斯加、加利福尼亚、密歇根州和俄克拉荷马州，对 AI/AN 成年吸烟者和不吸烟者（n=95）进行了十组焦点小组讨论，按吸烟状况进行分层。大多数参与者居住在单户独立住宅中（70.5%）。大多数不吸烟者有一个无烟家庭规定（92.9%），大多数吸烟者也有（64.7%）。无烟家庭规定的最常见原因是保护儿童和孙辈，包括有健康问题的儿童。无烟家庭面临的挑战包括天气和吸烟的访客，以及外出不便、在室内吸烟的习惯、需要照顾小孩、安全问题以及违反规定的吸烟者。尊重规则和尊重长辈成为重要主题。家庭中传统使用烟草被认为与娱乐或日常使用截然不同。超过一半（58.2%）的人报告说，他们从未在家中出于仪式、祈祷或传统原因使用过烟草。鉴于在 AI/AN 社区中采用无烟家庭的独特考虑因素，特别是关于神圣烟草用于传统、仪式或药用目的，了解哪些障碍和促进因素与一般人群相似，哪些可能是美国部落社区特有的非常重要。
