Hightech Research Center of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2010 Jan-Feb;25(1):104-11.
Laser treatment has become a popular method for resolving peri-implantitis, but the full range of its effects on implant surfaces is unknown. The purpose of the present investigation was to analyze the influence of different clinically applicable erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG), carbon dioxide (CO2), and diode laser parameters on titanium surfaces that were either polished or sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA).
Six polished and six SLA titanium disks were irradiated at nine different power settings (n = 54 polished, 54 SLA) with Er:YAG, CO2, or diode lasers. The CO2 and diode lasers were used in continuous wave mode, and the Er:YAG laser was used in a pulsed manner. The surface of each disk was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and confocal white light microscopy. Each disk was irradiated on six circular areas of 5 mm in diameter with the same specific laser setting for 10 seconds.
Within the chosen parameters, the CO2 and diode laser did not cause any visible surface alterations on either the polished or SLA disks. In contrast, both polished and SLA disks showed surface alterations when irradiated with the pulsed Er:YAG laser. The SLA surfaces showed alteration after 10 seconds of irradiation with Er:YAG laser at 300 mJ/10 Hz. The surfaces of the polished disks did not show alteration with the Er:YAG laser until they were irradiated at the higher energy of 500 mJ/10 Hz for 10 seconds. The results of confocal white light microscopy were in agreement with scanning electron micrographs.
In contrast to continuous-wave diode and CO2 laser irradiation, pulsed Er:YAG laser irradiation caused distinct alterations with power settings beyond 300 mJ/10 Hz on the SLA surface and 500 mJ/10 Hz on the polished surface. Thus, it is only safe to use the Er:YAG laser for implant surface irradiation with settings no higher than 300 or 500 mJ/10 Hz.
激光治疗已成为解决种植体周围炎的一种流行方法，但人们对其在种植体表面的全部作用知之甚少。本研究旨在分析不同临床应用的铒：钇-铝-石榴石（Er:YAG）、二氧化碳（CO2）和二极管激光参数对经抛光或喷砂、大粒度酸蚀（SLA）处理的钛表面的影响。
用 Er:YAG、CO2 或二极管激光照射 6 个抛光和 6 个 SLA 钛盘，共 9 种不同功率设置（n = 54 个抛光，54 个 SLA）。CO2 和二极管激光以连续波模式使用，Er:YAG 激光以脉冲模式使用。用扫描电子显微镜和共聚焦白光显微镜分析每个磁盘的表面。每个磁盘在直径为 5mm 的 6 个圆形区域上用相同的特定激光设置照射 10 秒。
在所选择的参数范围内，CO2 和二极管激光对抛光或 SLA 磁盘均未造成任何可见的表面变化。相比之下，当用脉冲 Er:YAG 激光照射时，抛光和 SLA 磁盘都显示出表面变化。用 Er:YAG 激光照射 10 秒后，SLA 表面在 300mJ/10Hz 时发生改变。用 Er:YAG 激光照射 10 秒时，抛光磁盘的表面在能量达到 500mJ/10Hz 时才发生改变。共聚焦白光显微镜的结果与扫描电子显微镜图像一致。
与连续波二极管和 CO2 激光照射相比，脉冲 Er:YAG 激光照射在 SLA 表面超过 300mJ/10Hz 或抛光表面超过 500mJ/10Hz 的功率设置下会引起明显变化。因此，仅当使用的 Er:YAG 激光的设置不高于 300 或 500mJ/10Hz 时，才能安全地用于种植体表面照射。
