Bansal Manish, Shrivastava Sameer, Mehrotra Rahul, Agrawal Vinayak, Kasliwal Ravi R
Escorts Heart Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2009 Aug;57:568-73.
To determine temporal changes in the prevalence and level of awareness of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) in an asymptomatic North-Indian urban population.
All asymptomatic office executives who underwent routine health check-up at a tertiary care centre in India during the year 2000 (n=2226) and the year 2005 (n=2684) were included in the study. Clinical evaluation including history of CVRFs, anthropometry, blood pressure measurement and biochemical investigations (fasting and postprandial blood glucose and fasting lipid profile) were performed in all the subjects.
Mean age of the subjects was 51.3 +/- 9.8 years in the year 2000 and 40.1 +/- 12.2 years in the year 2005 (p<0.001). Of all the subjects, 83.2% in the year 2000 were males compared to 76.8% in the year 2005 (p<0.001). Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, impaired fasting glucose and metabolic syndrome was higher in the year 2005 as compared to 2000 (odds ratios--1.3, 1.82, 6.55 and 1.82 respectively; all p values <0.05). In contrast, prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol, smoking and family history of premature coronary artery disease decreased by the year 2005 (odds ratios--0.54, 0.60 and 0.67; all p-values <0.001), whereas prevalence of dyslipidemia remained same (odds ratio--0.89, p-value 0.11) during the same period. As compared to year 2000, in the year 2005 there was significant improvement in the awareness of hypertension (46.9% vs 56.7%, p value <0.001) and dyslipidemia (5.4% vs 9.6%, p value <0.001) but not of diabetes (67.0% vs 71.3%, p- NS).
The present study shows that in the office-executives belonging to urban North-Indian region, prevalence of most of CVRFs is markedly high and is increasing with time. In addition, a significant proportion of these individuals are not aware of their risk status though there has been an improvement in awareness level of hypertension and dyslipidemia over the five-year period from the year 2000 to 2005.
确定印度北部城市无症状人群中心血管危险因素（CVRFs）的患病率及知晓水平随时间的变化情况。
纳入2000年（n = 2226）和2005年（n = 2684）在印度一家三级医疗中心接受常规健康检查的所有无症状办公室职员。对所有受试者进行临床评估，包括CVRFs病史、人体测量、血压测量及生化检查（空腹和餐后血糖以及空腹血脂谱）。
2000年受试者的平均年龄为51.3±9.8岁，2005年为40.1±12.2岁（p<0.001）。所有受试者中，2000年男性占83.2%，2005年为76.8%（p<0.001）。与2000年相比，2005年经年龄和性别调整后的高血压、糖尿病、空腹血糖受损及代谢综合征的患病率更高（优势比分别为1.3、1.82、6.55和1.82；所有p值<0.05）。相比之下，到2005年，低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、吸烟及早发冠心病家族史的患病率下降（优势比分别为0.54、0.60和0.67；所有p值<0.001），而同期血脂异常的患病率保持不变（优势比为0.89，p值为0.11）。与2000年相比，2005年高血压（46.9%对56.7%，p值<0.001）和血脂异常（5.4%对9.6%，p值<0.001）的知晓率有显著提高，但糖尿病知晓率无变化（67.0%对71.3%，p值无统计学意义）。
本研究表明，在印度北部城市的办公室职员中，大多数CVRFs的患病率显著较高且随时间增加。此外，尽管从2000年到2005年的五年间高血压和血脂异常的知晓率有所提高，但这些个体中有很大一部分人不知道自己的风险状况。
