Rafal'skiĭ V V, Chilova R A, Ostroumova M V
Urologiia. 2009 Sep-Oct(5):14-8.
A multicenter trial of the prevalence and spectrum of urinary infection agents, their resistance to beta-lactame antibiotics in pregnant women in Russia was conducted in two stages. Stage 1 (2001) included microbiological studies, stage 2 (2005-2006)--pharmacoepidemiological ones. Most frequent uropathogens in the examinees were E. coli (62.9%) and Klebsiella spp (9.7%). Their most common strains were often resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin. Therefore, these drugs are often ineffective against urinary infections in pregnant women. Drugs of choice are oral cephalosporines of the third generation (cephoxim), inhibitor-protected aminopenicillines, for parenteral administration-parenteral cephotaxim, cephtriaxon followed by oral (cephisim) cephalosporins of the second-third generation.
在俄罗斯，针对孕妇泌尿系统感染病原体的患病率及种类、它们对β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药性进行了一项多中心试验，该试验分两个阶段进行。第一阶段（2001年）包括微生物学研究，第二阶段（2005 - 2006年）为药物流行病学研究。受检者中最常见的尿路病原体是大肠杆菌（62.9%）和克雷伯菌属（9.7%）。它们最常见的菌株通常对氨苄西林、阿莫西林耐药。因此，这些药物对孕妇泌尿系统感染往往无效。首选药物为口服第三代头孢菌素（头孢西丁）、有抑制剂保护的氨基青霉素，用于肠胃外给药的是肠胃外头孢噻肟、头孢曲松，随后是口服第二代至第三代头孢菌素（头孢西姆）。
