Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 200 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2011 Feb;40(2):158-73. doi: 10.1007/s10964-010-9520-y. Epub 2010 Mar 7.
This study examined the longitudinal association between contextual stress and health risk behaviors and the role of protective factors in a community epidemiologically-defined sample of urban African American adolescents (N = 500; 46.4% female). Structural equation modeling was used to create a latent variable measuring contextual stress (community violence, neighborhood disorder, and experiences with racial discrimination). Contextual stress in 8th grade was associated with aggressive behavior and substance use 2 years later for boys. For girls, contextual stress predicted later substance use, but not aggressive behavior. High academic competence and self-worth reduced the impact of contextual stress on substance use for boys. Implications for intervention and directions for future research on health risk behaviors among African American adolescents are discussed.
本研究考察了城市非裔美国青少年（N=500；46.4%为女性）群体中，情境压力与健康风险行为之间的纵向关联，以及保护因素在其中的作用。研究采用结构方程模型构建了一个潜在变量，用于测量情境压力（社区暴力、邻里混乱和种族歧视经历）。八年级时的情境压力与两年后男孩的攻击行为和物质使用有关。对于女孩，情境压力预示着以后的物质使用，但与攻击行为无关。高学业能力和自我价值感降低了情境压力对男孩物质使用的影响。本研究讨论了对非裔美国青少年健康风险行为进行干预的意义，以及未来研究的方向。
