The influence of chronic anaemia on the radiosensitivity of two mouse tumours.

There is clear clinical evidence that tumours in anaemic patients are difficult to control with radiotherapy. We have studied the radiosensitivity of two transplantable mouse tumours, the SCCVII/St carcinoma and the KHT sarcoma in hosts made anaemic either with an iron poor diet or as a result of tumour growth. The haemoglobin level and haematocrits of mice on the low iron diet fell to about 60% of normal within 11 weeks. The number of clonogenic cells after a single X-ray dose of 20 Gy was slightly lower (P less than 0.05) in the anaemic animals (2.3 X 10(4) g-1) than in controls (5.2 X 10(4) g-1) though there was no significant difference in the surviving fractions. Mice bearing KHT tumours became anaemic with haematocrits falling to 65% of normal as their tumours grew from 300-1200 mg. A second 'test' tumour was implanted one week after the first 'anaemia-inducing' tumour so that estimates of radiosensitivity could all be carried out on tumours within the same size range (150-300 mg). Radiosensitivity was significantly greater in the most anaemic hosts with 2.2 X 10(4) cells g-1 surviving a dose of 20 Gy compared with 6.7 x 10(4) g-1 in controls (P less than 0.01). These results are consistent with most published data for mouse tumours though not for many human tumours.