靶向肿瘤细胞代谢:二甲双胍与 2-脱氧葡萄糖联合作用诱导前列腺癌细胞中 p53 依赖性凋亡。
Targeting cancer cell metabolism: the combination of metformin and 2-deoxyglucose induces p53-dependent apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.
机构信息
Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Institut Signalisation et Pathologies, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, U895, Nice, France.
出版信息
Cancer Res. 2010 Mar 15;70(6):2465-75. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-2782. Epub 2010 Mar 9.
Targeting cancer cell metabolism is a new promising strategy to fight cancer. Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic agent, exerts antitumoral and antiproliferative action. In this study, the addition of metformin to 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) inhibited mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis in prostate cancer cells leading to a severe depletion in ATP. The combination of the two drugs was much more harmful for cancer cells than the treatment with metformin or 2DG alone, leading to 96% inhibition of cell viability in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. In contrast, a moderate effect on cell viability was observed in normal prostate epithelial cells. At the cellular level, the combination of metformin and 2DG induced p53-dependent apoptosis via the energy sensor pathway AMP kinase, and the reexpression of a functional p53 in p53-deficient prostate cancer cells restored caspase-3 activity. In addition to apoptosis, the combination of metformin and 2DG arrested prostate cancer cells in G(2)-M. This G(2)-M arrest was independent of p53 and correlated with a stronger decrease in cell viability than obtained with either drug. Finally, metformin inhibited 2DG-induced autophagy, decreased beclin 1 expression, and triggered a switch from a survival process to cell death. Our study reinforces the growing interest of metabolic perturbators in cancer therapy and highlights the potential use of the combination of metformin and 2DG as an anticancerous treatment.
靶向肿瘤细胞代谢是一种治疗癌症的新策略。二甲双胍是一种广泛应用的抗糖尿病药物,具有抗肿瘤和抗增殖作用。在这项研究中,二甲双胍联合 2-脱氧葡萄糖(2DG)抑制了前列腺癌细胞的线粒体呼吸和糖酵解,导致 ATP 严重耗竭。与单独使用二甲双胍或 2DG 相比,两种药物联合使用对癌细胞的危害更大,导致 LNCaP 前列腺癌细胞活力抑制 96%。相比之下,在正常前列腺上皮细胞中,这种联合用药对细胞活力只有适度影响。在细胞水平上,二甲双胍和 2DG 的联合使用通过能量传感器通路 AMP 激酶诱导依赖 p53 的细胞凋亡,并且在 p53 缺陷的前列腺癌细胞中重新表达功能性 p53 可以恢复 caspase-3 活性。除了凋亡之外,二甲双胍和 2DG 的联合使用还将前列腺癌细胞阻滞在 G2-M 期。这种 G2-M 期阻滞不依赖于 p53,与单独使用任何一种药物相比,细胞活力下降更为明显。最后,二甲双胍抑制了 2DG 诱导的自噬,降低了 beclin 1 的表达,并引发了从生存过程到细胞死亡的转变。我们的研究强化了代谢调节剂在癌症治疗中的应用兴趣,并突出了二甲双胍和 2DG 的联合使用作为一种抗癌治疗的潜力。