From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA.
Clin J Sport Med. 2010 Mar;20(2):106-12. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e3181d23710.
Injury to the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint is a common entity encountered by the sports physician and orthopedic surgeon. The term "gamekeeper's thumb," which is sometimes used incorrectly to mean any injury to this ligament, refers to a chronic injury to the UCL in which it becomes attenuated through repetitive stress. In contrast, the term "skier's thumb" refers to an acute ligament injury as seen in skiers who fall on an abducted thumb or athletes who sustain a valgus force on an abducted thumb. If the patient allows a clinical examination, valgus stress testing can diagnose a complete UCL rupture when there is no solid endpoint with the thumb held in 30 degrees of MCP flexion and with the thumb held in extension. In cases with complete UCL tears, operative treatment has been shown to produce excellent results and is recommended. If there is a firm endpoint to valgus stress testing, a partial UCL tear is diagnosed and nonoperative treatment usually favored.
拇指掌指（MCP）关节尺侧副韧带（UCL）损伤是运动医学医生和骨科医生常见的一种损伤。术语“守林人的拇指”有时被错误地用于指任何该韧带的损伤，它指的是 UCL 的慢性损伤，由于反复的应力，它变得脆弱。相比之下，术语“滑雪者的拇指”指的是在滑雪者摔倒导致拇指外展或运动员拇指受到外翻力时发生的急性韧带损伤。如果患者允许进行临床检查，当拇指在 MCP 屈曲 30 度并伸展时，没有明确的终点，且施加外翻应力时，可以诊断完全 UCL 断裂。对于完全 UCL 撕裂的病例，已证实手术治疗可产生极好的效果，因此推荐采用手术治疗。如果外翻应力测试有明确的终点，则诊断为部分 UCL 撕裂，通常推荐非手术治疗。
