Yang Y P, Ma X, Chen N Y, Jiang Y F, Zhang X W, Ding Z W, Ao Y F
Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital; Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University; Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Beijing 100191, China.
Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital-Chongli, Zhangjiakou 076350, Hebei, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2020 Sep 30;53(2):273-278. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2021.02.007.
To make a retrospective analysis of the injuries of skiing population in a large ski resort in Chongli, China and provide a basis for predicting the rapidly increasing medical needs for ski injuries in the context of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
The basic data of all injured skiers who were treated in a medical station of a large ski resort in Chongli during the snow season from November 2017 to March 2018 and from November 2018 to March 2019 were collected. The number of skiers, the number of injuries, the causes of injuries, the types of injuries and the locations of injuries were compared.
A total of 753 skiers were injured in two snow seasons, and the estimated average incidence of injury was 4.53 and 4.46 per 1 000 skier days at the resort respectively. The average daily injury rate per 1 000 skiers in November of the two snow seasons was relatively low, with 2.20 and 1.38 cases respectively. The difference of injury rate in different months might have little to do with snowfall and more to do with passenger flow. In both the snow seasons, men accounted for more injuries than women, and injured skiers aged between 21 and 30 accounted for the largest proportion, reaching 36.8%. The main causes of injuries were falls (76.6%). The highest rate of injury was in the head and neck (17.9%), followed by the knee (17.4%) and wrist and fingers (13.3%). The most common types of injuries were contusion and trauma (29.5%) and joint and/or ligament injuries (22.2%). Children (2-12 years old) accounted for 12.7% of all the injured skiers. The rate of moderate to severe injuries (including fractures, concussions, etc.) was 34.8% among the injured patients over 50 years of age.
The snow resort should focus on injuries to children and elderly skiers and carry out targeted guidance and rescue work. In order to better ensure the medical safety of skiers, the ski resort medical station and nearby treatment hospitals should be equipped with a corresponding number of medical personnel and equipment, and the ski resort should further improve its safety management and rescue system.
对中国崇礼某大型滑雪场滑雪人群的损伤情况进行回顾性分析，为预测2022年冬奥会背景下滑雪损伤快速增长的医疗需求提供依据。
收集2017年11月至2018年3月以及2018年11月至2019年3月雪季期间，在崇礼某大型滑雪场医疗站就诊的所有受伤滑雪者的基础数据。比较滑雪者人数、受伤人数、受伤原因、损伤类型及损伤部位。
两个雪季共有753名滑雪者受伤，该滑雪场每1000个滑雪者日的估计平均受伤发生率分别为4.53和4.46。两个雪季11月每1000名滑雪者的日均受伤率相对较低，分别为2.20例和1.38例。不同月份的受伤率差异可能与降雪关系不大，而与客流量关系更大。在两个雪季中，男性受伤人数均多于女性，年龄在21至30岁之间的受伤滑雪者占比最大，达36.8%。受伤的主要原因是摔倒（76.6%）。受伤率最高的部位是头部和颈部（17.9%），其次是膝盖（17.4%）以及手腕和手指（13.3%）。最常见的损伤类型是挫伤和外伤（29.5%）以及关节和/或韧带损伤（22.2%）。儿童（2至12岁）占所有受伤滑雪者的12.7%。50岁以上受伤患者中，中重度损伤（包括骨折、脑震荡等）的发生率为34.8%。
滑雪场应关注儿童和老年滑雪者的损伤情况，开展针对性的指导和救援工作。为更好地保障滑雪者的医疗安全，滑雪场医疗站及附近救治医院应配备相应数量的医护人员和设备，滑雪场还应进一步完善其安全管理和救援体系。
