Jacobs D R, Hahn L P, Folsom A R, Hannan P J, Sprafka J M, Burke G L
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455.
Epidemiology. 1991 Jan;2(1):8-15.
The assessment of leisure-time physical activity in four studies that used a similar questionnaire was carried out by the University of Minnesota between 1957-1960 and 1985-1987. Each study included adults living in the Upper Midwest. In men, age-adjusted leisure-time energy expenditure consistently increased over time, with the greatest increase occurring between 1957-1960 and 1974-1975. Much of this increase occurred in moderate and heavy intensity activity and was greater for white collar workers than for blue collar workers. The increase in the last period was similar for both classes of workers. Data were unavailable for women before 1980. Age-adjusted leisure-time physical activity in women also increased between 1980-1982 and 1985-1987. This increase was greater for blue collar than for white collar women. A major strength of these analyses is the last two surveys, which were specifically designed to assess time trends. Exact comparability of the earlier two surveys with the two latter surveys cannot be established; however, the use of the same detailed questionnaire across 30 years is unique. We conclude that leisure-time physical activity has been increasing for three decades, including substantial increases in vigorous activities.
明尼苏达大学在1957 - 1960年以及1985 - 1987年期间，对四项使用类似问卷的研究中的休闲时间身体活动进行了评估。每项研究都纳入了居住在中西部上游地区的成年人。在男性中，经年龄调整的休闲时间能量消耗随时间持续增加，最大增幅出现在1957 - 1960年至1974 - 1975年之间。这种增加主要发生在中等强度和高强度活动中，且白领工人的增幅大于蓝领工人。最后一个时期两类工人的增幅相似。1980年之前没有女性的数据。1980 - 1982年至1985 - 1987年期间，经年龄调整的女性休闲时间身体活动也有所增加。蓝领女性的增幅大于白领女性。这些分析的一个主要优势在于最后两项调查，它们是专门为评估时间趋势而设计的。无法确定前两项调查与后两项调查的确切可比性；然而，在30年中使用相同的详细问卷是独一无二的。我们得出结论，休闲时间身体活动在三十年里一直在增加，包括剧烈活动的大幅增加。
