Cooper C, Atkinson E J, Kotowicz M, O'Fallon W M, Melton L J
Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
Calcif Tissue Int. 1992 Aug;51(2):100-4. doi: 10.1007/BF00298496.
Several studies suggest secular increases in hip fracture incidence through this century, but little is known about such trends for vertebral fracture. We have examined changes in the incidence of clinically ascertained vertebral fractures among Rochester, Minnesota residents aged 35-69 years, that were first diagnosed between 1950 and 1989. Our results indicate no overall increase in incidence over the 40-year period. Categorization of fractures according to the level of preceding trauma, however, revealed a significant increase in the incidence of fractures following moderate trauma among women aged 60-69 years. This increase occurred between 1950 and 1964, and leveled off thereafter. Rates for severe trauma fractures among postmenopausal women, and for vertebral fractures from any cause among younger men and women, remained stable. The rise in moderate trauma fractures in postmenopausal women paralleled that for hip fractures in Rochester and began to plateau at around the same time. It might have resulted from increased diagnosis of vertebral fractures, but the increase in hip fracture incidence is inconsistent with this explanation. An increase in the prevalence of osteoporosis, however, might account for the trend in both types of fractures.
几项研究表明，在本世纪髋部骨折发病率呈长期上升趋势，但对于脊椎骨折的此类趋势却知之甚少。我们研究了明尼苏达州罗切斯特市35至69岁居民中临床确诊的脊椎骨折发病率的变化情况，这些骨折首次诊断时间在1950年至1989年之间。我们的研究结果表明，在这40年期间发病率没有总体上升。然而，根据先前创伤程度对骨折进行分类后发现，60至69岁女性中中度创伤后骨折的发病率显著增加。这种增加发生在1950年至1964年之间，此后趋于平稳。绝经后女性中重度创伤骨折的发生率，以及年轻男性和女性中任何原因导致的脊椎骨折发生率保持稳定。绝经后女性中度创伤骨折的上升与罗切斯特市髋部骨折的上升情况相似，并且大约在同一时间开始趋于平稳。这可能是由于脊椎骨折诊断增加所致，但髋部骨折发病率的增加与这种解释不一致。然而，骨质疏松症患病率的增加可能解释了这两种骨折类型的趋势。
