Schnohr Peter, Grønbaek Morten, Petersen Liselotte, Hein Hans Ole, Sørensen Thorkild I A
The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Epidemiological Research Unit, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Denmark.
Scand J Public Health. 2005;33(4):244-9. doi: 10.1080/14034940510005752.
The preventive effect of physical activity on risk of cancer in general remains controversial. This study aimed at assessment of the associations between leisure- time physical activity and incidence of cancer in the general population of adult men and women.
13,216 women and 18,718 men aged 20-93 years selected from the general population participated in a health examination including a questionnaire with information on physical activity, smoking, alcohol intake, postmenopausal hormones, and socioeconomic status. Incident cases of cancers where recorded during a follow-up period of 14 years. The six most frequent cancer cases in both sexes were included in this analysis.
A highly significant inverse association was seen between vigorous physical activity in leisure time and cancer of the ovary, adjusted rate ratio being 0.33 (95% CI 0.16-0.67; p = 0.001) for the most physical active women. In men there was a highly significant increase for non-melanoma skin cancer, with adjusted rate ratio of 1.72 (95% CI 1.23-2.40; p = 0.001), for the most active men and vigorous activity was associated with a non-significant lower risk of colon cancer, the adjusted rate ratio being 0.72 (95% CI 0.47-1.11; p = 0.06).
Generally, there were no, or only weakly, inverse associations between physical activity in leisure time and incidence of cancer, except for cancer of the ovary.
总体而言，体育活动对癌症风险的预防作用仍存在争议。本研究旨在评估成年男性和女性普通人群中休闲体育活动与癌症发病率之间的关联。
从普通人群中选取13216名20 - 93岁的女性和18718名男性参加健康检查，检查内容包括一份关于体育活动、吸烟、饮酒、绝经后激素和社会经济地位的问卷。在14年的随访期内记录癌症发病病例。本分析纳入了两性中最常见的六种癌症病例。
休闲时进行剧烈体育活动与卵巢癌之间存在高度显著的负相关，最活跃的女性调整后的发病率比为0.33（95%可信区间0.16 - 0.67；p = 0.001）。在男性中，非黑色素瘤皮肤癌有高度显著增加，最活跃的男性调整后的发病率比为1.72（95%可信区间1.23 - 2.40；p = 0.001），剧烈活动与结肠癌风险降低无显著关联，调整后的发病率比为0.72（95%可信区间0.47 - 1.11；p = 0.06）。
总体而言，除卵巢癌外，休闲体育活动与癌症发病率之间不存在或仅存在微弱的负相关。
