Research Program, Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Apr 15;50(8):1155-64. doi: 10.1086/651271.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus infection responsible for significant morbidity and mortality across Asia. Indigenous populations and those who undertake short- and long-term travel to endemic regions are at risk of infection and development of neuroinvasive disease. Effective mouse brain-derived vaccines have been available in select countries, including the United States, for decades. Limited access in Asia and safety concerns with regard to mouse brain products prompted the Chinese to develop a live, attenuated virus vaccine (SA14-14-2; Chengdu Institute of Biological Products), which has proven to be safe and efficacious following administration of >300 million doses. Recently, the portfolio of JE vaccines increased again with licensure in the United States, Europe, and Australia of a purified, inactivated virus JE vaccine (IC51; Intercell AG) and filing for licensure in Thailand and Australia of a Yellow fever-JE chimeric vaccine (ChimeriVax-JE; Sanofi Pasteur). JE is a vaccine-preventable disease with numerous options now available for active immunization. Aggressive and responsible vaccination programs should greatly diminish the burden of disease.
日本脑炎（JE）是一种由蚊子传播的黄病毒感染，在亚洲各地造成了重大的发病率和死亡率。土著居民以及那些短期和长期前往流行地区的人都有感染和发生神经侵袭性疾病的风险。几十年来，包括美国在内的一些国家都有有效的鼠脑源性疫苗。亚洲获得疫苗的机会有限，加上对鼠脑产品的安全性担忧，促使中国人开发了一种活的、减毒的病毒疫苗（SA14-14-2；成都生物制品研究所），在接种超过 3 亿剂后已被证明是安全有效的。最近，JE 疫苗的种类再次增加，美国、欧洲和澳大利亚批准了一种纯化、灭活的病毒 JE 疫苗（IC51；Intercell AG），并在泰国和澳大利亚提交了黄热病-JE 嵌合疫苗（ChimeriVax-JE；赛诺菲巴斯德）的许可申请。JE 是一种可通过疫苗预防的疾病，目前有多种疫苗可供主动免疫。积极和负责任的疫苗接种计划应大大减轻疾病负担。
