Lee Sul Hee, Ham Eun Mi
Konkuk University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
J Korean Acad Nurs. 2010 Feb;40(1):52-9. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2010.40.1.52.
This study was conducted to provide basic data for developing education and health promotion programs for the prevention of cancer by identifying the relation between optimistic bias about cancer and cancer preventive behavior in Korean, Chinese, American, and Japanese residents in Korea.
Using a questionnaire administered by the researcher, data were collected from a convenience sample of 600, 19 to 64-yr-old male and female Korean, Chinese, American, and Japanese residents in Korea. Data was collected between February 6 and 28, 2009.
Scores for optimistic bias about cancer by nationality were: Koreans, -1.03; Chinese, -0.43; Americans, -0.23; and Japanese, 0.05. The cancer preventive behavior scores were: Koreans, 43.17; Chinese, 71.84; Americans, 71.71; and Japanese, 73.97. Optimistic bias about cancer and cancer preventive behavior showed a significantly positive correlation in all participants: Koreans (r=.223, p=.006); Chinese (r=.178, p=.029); Americans (r=.225, p=.006); and Japanese (r=.402, p<.001).
The greater the optimistic bias about cancer is, the lower the cancer preventive behavior. The findings suggest that nursing interventions are needed to reduce optimistic bias about cancer and to form a positive attitude towards cancer prevention because an optimistic bias about cancer adversely affects cancer preventive behavior.
本研究旨在通过确定韩国、中国、美国和日本在韩居民对癌症的乐观偏差与癌症预防行为之间的关系，为制定预防癌症的教育和健康促进项目提供基础数据。
使用研究人员发放的问卷，从600名年龄在19至64岁之间的韩国、中国、美国和日本在韩居民的便利样本中收集数据。数据收集于2009年2月6日至28日期间。
按国籍划分的对癌症乐观偏差得分分别为：韩国人，-1.03；中国人，-0.43；美国人，-0.23；日本人，0.05。癌症预防行为得分分别为：韩国人，43.17；中国人，71.84；美国人，71.71；日本人，73.97。在所有参与者中，对癌症的乐观偏差与癌症预防行为均呈显著正相关：韩国人（r = 0.223，p = 0.006）；中国人（r = 0.178，p = 0.029）；美国人（r = 0.225，p = 0.006）；日本人（r = 0.402，p < 0.001）。
对癌症的乐观偏差越大，癌症预防行为越低。研究结果表明，需要进行护理干预以减少对癌症的乐观偏差，并形成对癌症预防的积极态度，因为对癌症的乐观偏差会对癌症预防行为产生不利影响。
