Program in Environmental Science and Department of Chemistry, Muhlenberg College, 2400 Chew Street, Allentown, PA 18104, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2010 Jun;158(6):2251-7. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.02.011. Epub 2010 Mar 15.
Laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the effects of soil sterilization on the bioavailability of spiked p,p'-DDE and anthracene to the earthworms Eisenia fetida and Lumbricus terrestris. Physical and chemical changes to soil organic matter (SOM) induced by sterilization were also studied. Uptake of both compounds added after soil was autoclaved or gamma irradiated increased for E. fetida. Sterilization had no effect on bioaccumulation of p,p'-DDE by L. terrestris, and anthracene uptake increased only in gamma-irradiated soils. Analyses by FT-IR and DSC indicate sterilization alters SOM chemistry and may reduce pollutant sorption. Chemical changes to SOM were tentatively linked to changes in bioaccumulation, although the effects were compound and species specific. Artifacts produced by sterilization could lead to inaccurate risk assessments of contaminated sites if assumptions derived from studies carried out in sterilized soil are used. Ultimately, knowledge of SOM chemistry could aid predictions of bioaccumulation of organic pollutants.
实验室实验评估了土壤灭菌对添加的 p,p'-滴滴涕和蒽对赤子爱胜蚓和陆生蚯蚓的生物可利用性的影响。还研究了灭菌对土壤有机质（SOM）的物理和化学变化的影响。灭菌后添加的两种化合物在赤子爱胜蚓体内的吸收增加。灭菌对陆生蚯蚓体内 p,p'-滴滴涕的生物累积没有影响，而蒽的吸收仅在γ辐照土壤中增加。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）分析表明，灭菌会改变 SOM 的化学性质，并可能降低污染物的吸附。虽然这些影响是复杂的和特定于物种的，但 SOM 的化学变化与生物累积的变化之间存在关联。如果使用从灭菌土壤中进行的研究中得出的假设，那么灭菌产生的假象可能会导致对污染场地的风险评估不准确。最终，对 SOM 化学的了解可以帮助预测有机污染物的生物累积。
