Imai Mitsunobu, Kato Shingo
DEN-EN CHOFU University.
Nihon Rinsho. 2010 Mar;68(3):433-8.
HIV testing plays a crucial role in detecting and monitoring HIV infection. Diagnosis of HIV infection is basically made by sequential two tests: a screening test with an enzyme immunoassay(EIA) and a confirmatory test with Western blot. The most recent EIAs, used in commercial laboratories, identify HIV infection earlier because they detect both HIV-1 antibody and antigen. Rapid tests represent another advance for HIV screening. They are widely used in voluntary counselling and testing at public health centers and private clinics. An assay for detection of HIV-1 RNA was approved as a confirmatory test of reactive screening tests to diagnose early infection. These new testing technologies offer more accurate, reliable, and convenient diagnosis of HIV infection.
艾滋病毒检测在艾滋病毒感染的检测和监测中起着至关重要的作用。艾滋病毒感染的诊断基本上通过连续两次检测进行：一次是用酶免疫测定法（EIA）进行筛查检测，另一次是用蛋白质印迹法进行确证检测。商业实验室使用的最新酶免疫测定法能够更早地识别艾滋病毒感染，因为它们能同时检测艾滋病毒-1抗体和抗原。快速检测是艾滋病毒筛查的又一进展。它们广泛应用于公共卫生中心和私人诊所的自愿咨询和检测。一种检测艾滋病毒-1核糖核酸的测定法被批准作为对反应性筛查检测进行确证的检测方法，用于诊断早期感染。这些新的检测技术为艾滋病毒感染提供了更准确、可靠和便捷的诊断。
