Cruz Fernando Sf, Carregaro Adriano B, Raiser Alceu G, Zimmerman Marina, Lukarsewski Rafael, Steffen Renata Pb
Pharmacology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2010 Mar;37(2):116-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2009.00513.x.
To evaluate total intravenous anesthesia with propofol alone or in combination with S(+)-ketamine in rabbits undergoing surgery.
Prospective, randomized, blinded trial.
Nine 6-month-old New Zealand white rabbits, weighing 2.5-3 kg.
Animals received acepromazine (0.1 mg kg(-1)) and buprenorphine (20 microg kg(-1)) IM, and anesthesia was induced with propofol (2 mg kg(-1)) and S(+)-ketamine (1 mg kg(-1)) IV. Rabbits received two of three treatments: propofol (0.8 mg kg(-1) minute(-1)) (control treatment, P), propofol (0.8 mg kg(-1) minute(-1)) + S(+)-ketamine (100 microg kg(-1) minute(-1)) (PK100) or propofol (0.8 mg kg(-1) minute(-1)) + S(+)-ketamine (200 microg kg(-1) minute(-1)) (PK200). All animals received 100% O(2) during anesthesia. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were measured every 5 minutes for 60 minutes. Blood-gas parameters were measured at zero time and 60 minutes. Additional propofol injections, if necessary, and recovery time were recorded.
An increase in heart rate was observed in P and PK200 up to 10 minutes after induction of anesthesia. Blood pressure decreased from baseline values during the first 10 minutes in P and PK200, and during the first 15 minutes and between 45 and 55 minutes in PK100. A reduction in respiratory rate was observed after 5 minutes in all treatments. Respiratory acidosis was observed in all treatments. Six (2.8) [median (interquartile range)] further propofol injections were necessary in P, which differed statistically from PK100 [1 (0.2)] and PK200 [2 (0.6)]. Recovery time was shorter in P compared with PK100 and PK200, being [7.5 minutes (4.11)], [17.5 minutes (10.30)], and [12 minutes (10.30)], respectively.
S(+)-ketamine potentiates propofol-induced anesthesia in rabbits, providing better maintenance of heart rate. All of these techniques were accompanied by clinically significant respiratory depression.
评估单独使用丙泊酚或丙泊酚与S(+)-氯胺酮联合用于兔手术的全静脉麻醉效果。
前瞻性、随机、双盲试验。
9只6月龄新西兰白兔，体重2.5 - 3千克。
动物肌肉注射乙酰丙嗪（0.1毫克/千克）和丁丙诺啡（20微克/千克），静脉注射丙泊酚（2毫克/千克）和S(+)-氯胺酮（1毫克/千克）诱导麻醉。兔接受三种处理中的两种：丙泊酚（0.8毫克/千克·分钟）（对照处理，P）、丙泊酚（0.8毫克/千克·分钟）+ S(+)-氯胺酮（100微克/千克·分钟）（PK100）或丙泊酚（0.8毫克/千克·分钟）+ S(+)-氯胺酮（200微克/千克·分钟）（PK200）。所有动物在麻醉期间接受100%氧气。在60分钟内每隔5分钟测量心率、平均动脉压、血红蛋白氧饱和度和呼吸频率。在0分钟和60分钟时测量血气参数。记录必要时额外注射丙泊酚的情况及苏醒时间。
麻醉诱导后10分钟内，P组和PK200组心率升高。在P组和PK200组中，最初10分钟血压从基线值下降，在PK100组中最初15分钟以及45至55分钟血压下降。所有处理在5分钟后呼吸频率均降低。所有处理均观察到呼吸性酸中毒。P组需要6（2.8）[中位数（四分位间距）]次额外丙泊酚注射，与PK100组[1（0.2）]和PK200组[2（0.6）]有统计学差异。P组的苏醒时间比PK100组和PK200组短，分别为[7.5分钟（4.11）]、[17.5分钟（10.30）]和[12分钟（10.30）]。
S(+)-氯胺酮增强丙泊酚诱导的兔麻醉效果，能更好地维持心率。所有这些技术均伴有临床上显著的呼吸抑制。
