Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010 Apr 30;62(6):626-32. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2010.03.006. Epub 2010 Mar 15.
DNA is one of the most important components for all living organisms and many species, including humans, use DNA to store and transmit genetic information to new generations. Recent advances in the handling of DNA have made it possible to use DNA as a building block of nano-sized materials with precisely designed architectures. Although various approaches have been proposed to obtain DNA assemblies with designed architecture in the nano- to micrometer range, there is little information about their interaction with biological components, including target molecules. Understanding the interaction between DNA assemblies and the body is highly important for successful pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Here, we first review the basic aspects of externally administered DNA molecules, including the stability, permeability and delivery issues. Then, we discuss the unique responses observed in the interaction of structured DNA assemblies and cells expressing Toll-like receptor-9, the receptor responsible for the recognition of unmethylated CpG dinucleotides that are abundant in the DNA of invading pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses.
DNA 是所有生物最重要的组成部分之一，许多物种，包括人类，都使用 DNA 来储存和向新一代传递遗传信息。近年来，在 DNA 的处理方面取得了进展，使得人们可以将 DNA 用作具有精确设计结构的纳米级材料的构建块。尽管已经提出了各种方法来获得具有设计结构的 DNA 组装体，但其在纳米到微米范围内与生物成分（包括靶分子）的相互作用的信息很少。了解 DNA 组装体与生物体之间的相互作用对于成功的药物和生物医学应用非常重要。在这里，我们首先回顾了外部给予的 DNA 分子的基本方面，包括稳定性、通透性和递药问题。然后，我们讨论了在结构 DNA 组装体与表达 Toll 样受体-9 的细胞的相互作用中观察到的独特反应，Toll 样受体-9 是负责识别细菌和病毒等入侵病原体 DNA 中富含的未甲基化 CpG 二核苷酸的受体。
