Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Eur J Pharm Sci. 2014 Jul 16;58:26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.03.002. Epub 2014 Mar 30.
Nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, not only allow transfer and replication of densely coded genetic information, but also act as danger signals triggering innate immune response. Recent progress in the design and construction of nano-sized structures using DNA has opened a new field of nanotechnology. The unique properties of nano-sized DNA constructs can be exploited to develop programmable materials for efficient delivery of bioactive compounds. In this review, recent advances in DNA nanotechnology and its applications as delivery systems are summarized. In particular, we focus on the delivery of DNA containing unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotide, or CpG motif, to immune cells expressing Toll-like receptor 9. Recent studies have shown that precisely designed DNA constructs, such as multi-branched DNA, polyhedral DNA, and DNA origami, can be used to enhance the biological activity of CpG DNA.
核酸、DNA 和 RNA 不仅允许遗传信息的密集编码进行转移和复制，还能作为触发先天免疫反应的危险信号。近年来，利用 DNA 设计和构建纳米结构方面的进展为纳米技术开辟了一个新的领域。纳米 DNA 结构的独特性质可被开发为可编程材料，用于高效递送生物活性化合物。在这篇综述中，总结了 DNA 纳米技术的最新进展及其作为递药系统的应用。特别地，我们关注含有未甲基化胞嘧啶-磷酸-鸟嘌呤 (CpG) 二核苷酸或 CpG 基序的 DNA 递送至表达 Toll 样受体 9 的免疫细胞。最近的研究表明，经过精确设计的 DNA 结构，如多分支 DNA、多面体 DNA 和 DNA 折纸术，可以用于增强 CpG DNA 的生物活性。
