Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 May;48(5):1412-6. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.03.010. Epub 2010 Mar 15.
In this work, 64 samples of cereals purchased from local markets in the Valencian community (Spain) were investigated for the presence of six emerging mycotoxins: enniatins ENs (ENA, ENA1, ENB and ENB1), beauvericin (BEA) and fusaproliferin (FUS). Samples were extracted with a mixture of water/acetonitrile (85/15, v/v) by using an Ultra-turrax homogenizer. Mycotoxins were then identified and quantified with a liquid chromatography (LC) with diode array detector (DAD). Positive samples were confirmed with an LC-MS/MS. Analytical Results showed that the frequencies of contamination of samples with ENs, BEA and FUS were 73.4%, 32.8% and 7.8%, respectively. ENA1 was the most mycotoxin found and levels ranged from 33.38 to 814.42 mg/kg. ENB levels ranged between 2.23 and 21.37 mg/kg. ENB1 levels varied from 4.34 to 45.94 mg/kg. All samples were free of ENA. BEA levels ranged from 0.51 to 11.78 mg/kg and FUS levels varied between 1.01 and 6.63 mg/kg. It could be concluded from this study that the high contamination levels found especially for ENs could be of a negative impact on the population. This is the first paper on the presence of emerging mycotoxins in cereals available in Spain.
在这项工作中，调查了从西班牙巴伦西亚社区当地市场购买的 64 份谷物样本，以检测六种新兴霉菌毒素的存在：恩镰孢菌素（ENA、ENA1、ENB 和 ENB1）、 beauvericin（BEA）和 fusaproliferin（FUS）。使用 Ultra-turrax 匀浆器，用水/乙腈（85/15，v/v）混合物提取样本。然后使用二极管阵列检测器（DAD）的液相色谱（LC）对霉菌毒素进行鉴定和定量。阳性样本用 LC-MS/MS 进行确认。分析结果表明，ENs、BEA 和 FUS 污染样品的频率分别为 73.4%、32.8%和 7.8%。ENA1 是最常见的霉菌毒素，含量范围为 33.38 至 814.42 mg/kg。ENB 水平在 2.23 至 21.37 mg/kg 之间。ENB1 水平在 4.34 至 45.94 mg/kg 之间。所有样品均不含 ENA。BEA 水平在 0.51 至 11.78 mg/kg 之间，FUS 水平在 1.01 至 6.63 mg/kg 之间。从这项研究可以得出结论，尤其是恩镰孢菌素的高污染水平可能会对人群产生负面影响。这是西班牙首次关于谷物中存在新兴霉菌毒素的研究。
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