Plant-Pathogen Interaction Team, Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Dec 3;12(12):765. doi: 10.3390/toxins12120765.
Most of the fungi from the genus are pathogenic to cereals, vegetables, and fruits and the products of their secondary metabolism mycotoxins may accumulate in foods and feeds. Non-ribosomal cyclodepsipeptides are one of the main mycotoxin groups and include beauvericins (BEAs), enniatins (ENNs), and beauvenniatins (BEAEs). When ingested, even small amounts of these metabolites significantly affect human and animal health. On the other hand, in view of their antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity, they may be used as components in drug discovery and processing and are considered as suitable candidates for anti-cancer drugs. Therefore, it is crucial to expand the existing knowledge about cyclodepsipeptides and to search for new analogues of these compounds. The present manuscript aimed to highlight the extensive variability of cyclodepsipeptides by describing chemistry, biosynthesis, and occurrence of BEAs, ENNs, and BEAEs in foods and feeds. Moreover, the co-occurrence of species was compared to the amounts of toxins in crops, vegetables, and fruits from different regions of the world.
该属的大多数真菌对谷物、蔬菜和水果具有致病性，其次级代谢产物霉菌毒素可能在食物和饲料中积累。非核糖体环二肽是主要的霉菌毒素群之一，包括 beauvericins（BEAs）、enniatins（ENNs）和 beauvenniatins（BEAEs）。当这些代谢物被摄入时，即使少量也会对人类和动物健康产生重大影响。另一方面，鉴于它们的抗菌活性和细胞毒性，它们可能被用作药物发现和加工的成分，并且被认为是合适的抗癌药物候选物。因此，扩大对环二肽的现有知识并寻找这些化合物的新类似物至关重要。本文旨在通过描述 BEAs、ENNs 和 BEAEs 在食品和饲料中的化学、生物合成和存在，强调环二肽的广泛变异性。此外，还比较了不同地区的作物、蔬菜和水果中 种的共存与毒素含量。
