Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.
Pharm Res. 2010 Jul;27(7):1255-63. doi: 10.1007/s11095-010-0081-2. Epub 2010 Mar 18.
Skin provides an excellent portal for diagnostic monitoring of a variety of entities; however, there is a dearth of reliable methods for patient-friendly sampling of skin constituents. This study describes the use of low-frequency ultrasound as a one-step methodology for rapid sampling of molecules from the skin.
Sampling was performed using a brief exposure of 20 kHz ultrasound to skin in the presence of a sampling fluid. In vitro sampling from porcine skin was performed to assess the effectiveness of the method and its ability to sample drugs and endogenous epidermal biomolecules from the skin. Dermal presence of an antifungal drug-fluconazole and an abused substance, cocaine-was assessed in rats.
Ultrasonic sampling captured the native profile of various naturally occurring moisturizing factors in skin. A high sampling efficiency (79 +/- 13%) of topically delivered drug was achieved. Ultrasound consistently sampled greater amounts of drug from the skin compared to tape stripping. Ultrasonic sampling also detected sustained presence of cocaine in rat skin for up to 7 days as compared to its rapid disappearance from the urine.
Ultrasonic sampling provides significant advantages including enhanced sampling from deeper layers of skin and high temporal sampling sensitivity.
皮肤为多种实体疾病的诊断监测提供了一个极好的途径；然而，目前缺乏可靠的方法来方便患者采集皮肤成分。本研究描述了低频超声作为一种一步法从皮肤中快速采集分子的方法。
在采样液存在的情况下，使用 20 kHz 的短暂超声暴露来进行采样。在体外从猪皮进行采样，以评估该方法的有效性及其从皮肤中采样药物和内源性表皮生物分子的能力。评估了抗真菌药物氟康唑和滥用物质可卡因在大鼠皮肤中的真皮存在情况。
超声采样捕获了皮肤中各种天然保湿因子的天然特征。实现了高达 79%±13%的局部递送药物的高采样效率。与胶带剥离相比，超声采样始终能从皮肤中采集到更多的药物。与可卡因从尿液中迅速消失相比，超声采样还能检测到可卡因在大鼠皮肤中持续存在长达 7 天。
超声采样具有显著优势，包括增强对皮肤深层的采样和高时间采样灵敏度。
